Photosynthesis Review

Plants “look green” because they _____________ green wavelengths of light. absorb reflect reflect Photosynthesis in plants takes place inside which organelle? chloroplasts

pigment Chlorophyll b Chlorophyll a A _________________ is a molecule (like chlorophyll) that absorbs energy and is used by green plants to absorb sunlight. Name the two types of chlorophyll ________________ & _________________ pigment Chlorophyll b Chlorophyll a

Blue-violet and red wavelengths Absorption of Light by Chlorophyll a and Chlorophyll b © Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Pearson Prentice-Hall. All rights reserved. Which wavelengths of light do chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b absorb best? Chlorophyll b Chlorophyll a Blue-violet and red wavelengths

Which wavelength of light does Chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b Absorption of Light by Chlorophyll a and Chlorophyll b © Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Pearson Prentice-Hall. All rights reserved. Which wavelength of light does Chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b Absorb the least? Chlorophyll b Chlorophyll a They do not absorb green light.

Name the molecule used by living things to store and transfer energy =___________________________ ATP/adenosine triphosphate

Use words to fill in the overall chemical reaction for photosynthesis. ___________+___________ __________ + __________ Carbon dioxide water Sugars oxygen

Land plants get the carbon dioxide needed for photosynthesis from the _____________ atmosphere Name the high energy electron carrier that picks up electrons and H+ ions when water is split. NADP+

This organism is a _____________. heterotroph This organism is a _____________. autotroph heterotroph Image from: http://www.entm.purdue.edu/wildlife/chipmunk_pictures.htm

#2 is called ________________. #1 Photosynthesis #2 Name the 2 sets of reactions that make up photosynthesis: #1 is called ___________________. Light-Dependent Reactions #2 is called ________________. Calvin Cycle (or Light-independent Reactions)

Label the reactants and products for the Light dependent reactions #1 #3 Photosynthesis #2 Label the reactants and products for the Light dependent reactions #1 = __________________ #2 = __________________ #3 = __________________ SUNLIGHT and WATER ATP and NADPH Oxygen

Label the reactants and products for the Calvin cycle Photosynthesis #1 Calvin CYCLE #2 #3 Label the reactants and products for the Calvin cycle #1 = __________________ #2 = __________________ #3 = __________________ ATP & NADPH carbon dioxide Sugars

Space surrounding the thylakoids is called the _______________. stroma Stacks of thylakoids are called ________. If you were talking about only one of these you would call it a ______________ The main photosynthetic pigment in green plants = ___________________ grana granum chlorophyll

Where does the Calvin cycle happen? The clusters of proteins in the thylakoid membrane that collect light are called ________________ Where does the Calvin cycle happen? A protein that helps chemical reactions happen faster in living things is called an _______________ PHOTOSYSTEMS In the stroma enzyme

The Calvin cycle requires light. TRUE or FALSE The Calvin cycle requires light. FALSE: It is light INDEPENDENT Light-Dependent Reactions break apart ________ and give off _______ gas. water oxygen

This stack of membrane sacs is called a ________________ Which part of photosynthesis happens here? granum Light dependent reactions

Which part of photosynthesis happens here? This space around the grana is called the _____________ Which part of photosynthesis happens here? stroma Calvin cycle

An organism that can make its own food like a green plant is called an http://www.rnzih.org.nz/images/gardenimages/carrots_d.jpg Carotenoids ______________ are plant pigments that are orange or yellow instead of green An organism that can make its own food like a green plant is called an _______________ autotroph

Molecules that interact in a chemical reaction that are written on the left side of a chemical equation are called ________________ An organism that CAN’T make its own food and must get its energy from consuming other organisms reactants heterotroph

Reactions of photosynthesis that use light energy to produce ATP and NADPH Large protein in the thylakoid membrane that uses energy from H+ ions to join ADP and a phosphate group to make ATP Light-dependent reactions ATP synthase

An organism like a green plant that can make its own food Molecule made of ribose, adenine, and 3 phosphates used by living things to store and release energy AUTOTROPH ATP

Pigments that are yellow or orange not green Clusters of light collecting proteins found in the thylakoid membrane Space surrounding the thylakoids inside a chloroplast carotenoids photosystems stroma

Stack of thylakoid membranes Process by which plants and some other organisms use sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide (CO2) into oxygen (O2) and high energy carbohydrates Stack of thylakoid membranes PHOTOSYNTHESIS GRANUM (pl. GRANA)

6 carbon sugar molecule that is the main product of photosynthesis and is used as the fuel burned by cells glucose

Negatively charged particle found circling the nucleus of an atom Reactions of photosynthesis in which energy from ATP and NADPH is used to build high energy sugar molecules Negatively charged particle found circling the nucleus of an atom Calvin cycle electron

Molecules that are produced during a chemical reaction that are written on the right side of a chemical equation High energy electron carrier which receives electrons and H+ ions when water splits during the light dependent reaction products NADP+

Difference in concentration in one place compared to another Group of membrane proteins that transfers electrons between Photosystem II and I during the light-dependent reaction of photosynthesis Concentration gradient ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN

Label molecules of the light dependent reactions. PHOTOSYSTEM II Electron Transport Chain PHOTOSYSTEM I ATP Synthase

Which gas that we need is given off during photosynthesis? Which ion moves across the membrane to power the ATP synthase enzyme to add a phosphate to ADP? Where do the carbon atoms come from that end up in carbohydrates made by the Calvin cycle? Which gas that we need is given off during photosynthesis? H+ (Hydrogen ion) Carbon dioxide oxygen

Where do H+ ions build up as water is broken down and the light dependent reactions are happening? Where to does the ATP and NADPH produced during the light-dependent phase end up? Thylakoid space It is used by the Calvin cycle to make sugar

#1 = ___________________ #2 = ___________________ Label reactants and products for photosynthesis: #1 = ___________________ #2 = ___________________ #3 = ___________________ #4 = ___________________ #5 = ___________________ WATER OXYGEN Carbon dioxide SUGAR Light energy

Which molecule is broken to provide the H+ to make NADPH? Which molecule spins as H+ ions pass through to the other side of the membrane? H2O ATP synthase

This organism is a(n) _____________. autotroph heterotroph Heterotroph Fungi get their energy by absorbing nutrients from dead organisms.

Many enzymes have this ending on their names = _________ Name 2 factors that can affect the rate of photosynthesis. What do you think would happen to the rate of photosynthesis on a cloudy day? -ASE Temperature, availability of water, and light intensity It would be slower than on a sunny day

How many phosphate groups are in a molecule of ADP? Write the equation for changing ADP into ATP. 2 ADP + P + energy → ATP

What compounds are formed from carbon dioxide during the Calvin cycle? Which part of photosynthesis can continue at night? sugars Calvin cycle

Another name for the Calvin cycle How are photosystem I and II alike? How are they different? Light INDEPENDENT reactions Both are light dependent Both use light to energize electrons II- splits water molecules I- NADPH is made

This organism is a(n) _____________. autotroph heterotroph autotroph

STORE This reaction shows how cells _______________ energy Write the chemical equation for photosynthesis ___________+___________ → __________ + __________ 6 CO2 6 H2O C6H12O6 6 O2 This reaction shows how cells _______________ energy STORE RELEASE STORE Image from: BIOLOGY by Miller and Levine; Prentice Hall Publishing©2006

RELEASE This reaction shows how cells _______________ energy http://academic.brooklyn.cuny.edu/biology/bio4fv/page/glycogen.jpg Image from: BIOLOGY by Miller and Levine; Prentice Hall Publishing©2006 This reaction shows how cells _______________ energy STORE RELEASE RELEASE

A = ______________________ B = ______________________ Label A and B A = ______________________ B = ______________________ Thylakoid space (space inside thylakoid sac) stroma Image from: BIOLOGY by Miller and Levine; Prentice Hall Publishing©2006

Label the parts of this chloroplast A (individual membrane sac) = _________________ B (space inside the sac) = _____________________ C (stack) = __________________ D (space surrounding the sacs) = ________________ E (space outside the chloroplast) = ________________ thylakoid Thylakoid space Granum (pl. grana) stroma cytoplasm Image from: BIOLOGY by Miller and Levine; Prentice Hall Publishing©2006