Saving for a Rainy Day Suppose you earned extra money by having a part-time job. At first, you might be tempted to spend all of the money, but then you decide to open a bank account. 1. What are the benefits of having a bank account? 1. What are the benefits of having a bank account? 2. What do you have to do if you need some of this money? 2. What do you have to do if you need some of this money? 3. What might your body do when it has more energy than it needs to carry out its activities? 3. What might your body do when it has more energy than it needs to carry out its activities? 4. What does your body do when it needs energy? 4. What does your body do when it needs energy? Interest Grabber - DO NOW – 2minutes Go to Section:

Energy and Life A.Autotrophs and Heterotrophs B.Chemical Energy and ATP 1.ATP and ADP 2.Releasing Energy From ATP 3.Using Biochemical Energy C.ATP and Glucose Photosynthesis: An Overview A.Investigating Photosynthesis 1.Van Helmont’s Experiment 2.Priestley’s Experiment 3.Jan Ingenhousz B.The Photosynthesis Equation C.Light and Pigments WHAT IS ON THE CARDS FOR TODAY? Go to Section:

Autotrophs & Heterotrophs Autotrophs Autotrophs Organisms which make their own food Organisms which make their own food Heterotrophs Organisms which can not make their own food

ASK THE AUDIENCE 1 Grab your remotes and get ready to answer the following questions…

What am I? 1. Carnivore 2. Herbivore 3. Omnivore 4. Saprophyte

What am I? 1. Carnivore 2. Herbivore 3. Omnivore 4. Saprophyte

What am I? 1. Carnivore 2. Herbivore 3. Omnivore 4. Saprophyte

What am I? 1. Producer 2. Consumer 3. Hetrotroph 4. Saprophyte

What am I? 1. Detrivore 2. Consumer 3. Autotroph 4. Saprophyte

What am I? 1. Carnivore 2. Herbivore 3. Omnivore 4. Saprophyte

What am I? 1. Autotroph 2. Herbivore 3. Consumer 4. Saprophyte

WELL PLAYED

ENERGY AND WHAT IT LOOKS LIKE Go to Section: WHERE IS THE ENERGY???? REALLY??????? BUT Adenosine Triphosphate

ADP ATP Energy Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) + Phosphate Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) Partially charged battery Fully charged battery Comparison of ADP and ATP to a Battery Go to Section:

ATP and Glucose ATPGlucose Short Term Long Term Storage Transfers energy very quickly Takes longer to get energy out Can’t store energy very long. (breaks down to ADP and loses energy) Can store energy very well. 1 molecule of glucose can hold 90 times more energy than ATP.

Trapping Energy Have you ever used a solar-powered calculator? No matter where you go, as long as you have a light source, the calculator works. You never have to put batteries in it. Have you ever used a solar-powered calculator? No matter where you go, as long as you have a light source, the calculator works. You never have to put batteries in it. Go to Section:

1. A solar-powered calculator uses solar cells that are found in rows along the top of the calculator. Into what kind of energy is the light energy converted so that the calculator works? 1. A solar-powered calculator uses solar cells that are found in rows along the top of the calculator. Into what kind of energy is the light energy converted so that the calculator works? 2. Recall that plants use light energy from the sun to make food. Into what kind of energy is the light energy converted by plants? 2. Recall that plants use light energy from the sun to make food. Into what kind of energy is the light energy converted by plants? 3. Most plants, no matter what size or shape they are, have some parts that are green. Which parts of a plant are usually green? 3. Most plants, no matter what size or shape they are, have some parts that are green. Which parts of a plant are usually green? 4. What does the green color have to do with the plant’s ability to convert light energy into the energy found in the food it makes? 4. What does the green color have to do with the plant’s ability to convert light energy into the energy found in the food it makes? Go to Section:

How Did We Discover Photosynthesis???

Jan Van Helmont’s Experiment (1600’s) Wanted to find out if plants grew by taking nutrients out of soil. Wanted to find out if plants grew by taking nutrients out of soil. After 5 years After 5 years Plant Mass 75kg Plant Mass 75kg Soil Mass unchanged Soil Mass unchanged Van Helmont accounts for the “Hydrate” carbohydrate Van Helmont accounts for the “Hydrate” carbohydrate

Joseph Priestley’s Experiment (Early 1700’s) Plants release oxygen Plants release oxygen

Jan Ingenhousz’s Experiment Showed that the effects in Priestley’s experiment only occurred when the plant was exposed to light. Showed that the effects in Priestley’s experiment only occurred when the plant was exposed to light.

Go to Section: 6 CO H 2 O C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2

WHAT ABSORBS THIS SUNLIGHT? Pigments Chlorophyll A Chlorophyll B

Absorption of Light by Chlorophyll a and Chlorophyll b VBGYOR Chlorophyll b Chlorophyll a Chlorophyll Light Absorption… Go to Section:

Why do leaves change colors? Chlorophyll a – Green Chlorophyll a – Green Chlorophyll b - Red Chlorophyll b - Red

ASK THE AUDIENCE 2 Grab your remotes and get ready to answer the following questions…

Which color in the spectrum does chlorophyll a absorb the most? 1. Violet 2. Indigo 3. Blue 4. Green 5. Yellow 6. Orange 7. Red

Which color in the spectrum does chlorophyll b absorb the most? 1. Violet 2. Indigo 3. Blue 4. Green 5. Yellow 6. Orange 7. Red

Which color in the spectrum is least absorbed? 1. Violet 2. Indigo 3. Blue 4. Green 5. Yellow 6. Orange 7. Red

HOMEWORK Learn for Quick Quiz at the beginning of your next lesson. Learn for Quick Quiz at the beginning of your next lesson. Complete Question 1 – 5 (Section Assessment) on pg 207. Complete Question 1 – 5 (Section Assessment) on pg 207.

Let us Look Into the Future It is 100 years in the future and you are a research scientist. An enormous volcanic eruption has recently sent huge quantities of dust and ash into the atmosphere. Working with a partner, make a list of how this event will affect each of the following: 1. photosynthesis 1. photosynthesis 2. plant life 2. plant life 3. animal life 3. animal life 4. human societies 4. human societies Go to Section:

8–3The Reactions of Photosynthesis A.Inside a Chloroplast B.NADPH C.Light-Dependent Reactions D.The Calvin Cycle E.Factors Affecting Photosynthesis Go to Section:

Photosynthesis includes of take place in takes place in uses to produce use Light- dependent reactions Calvin cycle Thylakoid membranes StromaNADPH ATP Energy from sunlight ATPNADPHO2O2 Chloroplasts High-energy sugars Section 8-3 Concept Map Go to Section:

Chloroplast Light O2O2 Sugars CO 2 Light- Dependent Reactions Calvin Cycle NADPH ATP ADP + P NADP + Chloroplast Section 8-3 Figure 8-7 Photosynthesis: An Overview Go to Section:

Hydrogen Ion Movement Photosystem II Inner Thylakoid Space Thylakoid Membrane Stroma ATP synthase Electron Transport Chain Photosystem IATP Formation Chloroplast Section 8-3 Figure 8-10 Light-Dependent Reactions Go to Section:

ChloropIast CO 2 Enters the Cycle Energy Input 5-Carbon Molecules Regenerated Sugars and other compounds 6-Carbon Sugar Produced Section 8-3 Figure 8-11 Calvin Cycle Go to Section: