By Molly O’Keeffe, Michelle Daley, Zach LaFontaine, Courtnee Severin

 Born Iosif Vissarionovich Dzhugashvili on December 21, 1879 in Gori, Georgia  Went to the Theological Seminary in Tpilisi, Georgia—prepared for ministry  1899 Expelled for spreading subversive views  Expulsion caused him to join underground revolutionary Marxist movement  1902 arrested—exiled to Serbia  1904 came back to Russia, rejoined Marxist  Founded Bolsheviks

 Highly controversial  Crude, cruel, primitive  Political life= cautious and slow-moving  Persuasive speaker and fierce debater  Began to economically modernize Russia  Brought Russia to be important industrial country  Price paid was staggering

 Only surviving son of Vissarion Dzhugashvilli  Organized bank robberies and raids during the Revolution  Changed name to Stalin (“Man Of Steel”)  Considered one of worst examples of Totalitarianism  Editor of Pravda  Responsible for 8-13 million deaths

 4 main parts:  Police terror  Secret police helped maintain power  Indoctrination  Brainwashing youth  Propaganda and Censorship  Complete gov’t control of media  Religious and Ethnic Persecution

 Wanted perfect communist state  Built up secret police force  Arrest and execute “traders”  Controlled all media  Movies, art, radio, news, etc.  Controlled education from preschool to university  Persecuted all religions  Strived for national atheism  Only could worship Communism

 Winter  Germany invades Russia  German Army: 1,011,500 (General Paulus)  Russian Army: 1,000,500 (Marshal Zhukov)  Hitler forbade surrender despite harsh conditions (food, ammo, heat=short supply)  Russian victory; Germany in full retreat  91,000 German prisoners

 Children expected to join youth organizations; taught how to be good socialists/communist s  Equality with men and women is workplace  Great Purge campaign  Artists painted pictures glorifying Stalin

 Aimed to expand/modernize existing industries, establish new ones, relocate to east  More secure and protected by vast land if Russia is attacked by the West  Extremely successful  Accomplished in four years  New energy production (factories)  Roads and railways built

 People living in terror/exhaust  Harshly worked  Bad conditions  Poorly paid  Social economic disaster  Over-urbanization= insufficient medical facilities, schools  1932 wide-spread famine  7,000,000 peasants died  Didn’t end until 1953

 Brain hemorrhage  March 5, 1953  Body placed next to Lenin in Red Square, Moscow  Great achievements questioned after death

 A) 1922  B) 1927  C)1929  D) 1919

 A) “Father of Modern Communism”  B) “Man of Steel”  C) “Leader of Russia”  D) “Man of Power”

 A) 90%  B) 50%  C) 80%  D) 35%

 A) United States  B) Germany  C) Italy  D) France

 A) Jacobins  B) Soviets  C) Duma  D) Bolsheviks

1. Police Terror 2. Indoctrination 3. Propaganda and Censorship 4. Religious and Ethnic Persecution

 Over-urbanization led to insufficient medical facilities, schools, etc.  People were harshly worked in bad conditions and poorly paid  Caused a nation- wide famine.

A campaign of terror in 1938 meant to eliminate all who threatened Stalin’s power. Thousands of innocent people were killed or sent to work in labor camps. An estimated 8-13 million people died in this short time period from

 1. C) 1929  2. B) “Man of Steel”  3. A) 90%  4. B) Germany  5. D) Bolsheviks