Container Stuffing and Stripping

Objectives Explain causes of cargo damage Explain who is responsible for correct packing Explain the document flow for correct packing Explain what container to be used for what cargo

Objectives List the steps to be made before loading a container Explain the good working practices during stuffing of a container Explain the reasons and procedures for packing several kinds of cargo into a container Explain the procedures during stripping of a container

Benefits of Containerization 1 Reduced Handling 2 Reduce risks 3 Speedier handling 4 Reduced packaging 5 Reduced costs

Container Packing Problems 1 Damage during packing/unpacking 2 Uneven container loading 3 Insecure packing 4 Cargo Incompatibility 5 Administrative error

Effects of stresses on Insecure cargo

Golden Rules

Container Incompatibility 1 Poor container condition 2 Rusty contaminated container 3 Sweating cargo in dry box 4 Constant temperature cargo in dry box 5 Unsuitable stowage position

At Risk from Badly Packed Containers 1 Vehicle drivers 2 Rail workers 3 Ships crew 4 Port workers 5 Unpackers

Preparing and Planning container Packing 1 Origination of sequence 2 Container selection 3 Planning packing

Container Selection 1 Cargo Type 2 Cargo dimensions 3 Cargo weight 4 Cargo volume 5 Transport route

Loading Plan Factors 1 Packaging type 2 Securing arrangements 3 Packing sequence

Packing Requirements 1 Containment 2 Protection 3 Ease of handling

Securing the Packages Tight stow Secure stow

Cargo can be damaged by Careless packing and unpacking Uneven container loading Bad securing Incompatibilities Administrative errors

The Container Packing Operation 1 Inspect the container 2 Working Practices 3 Packing regular cargoes 4 Packing special cargoes 5 Packing dangerous cargoes 6 Completing packing 7 Unpacking containers

Container Inspection 1 Suitable 2 External Inspection 3 Internal Inspection

Container Suitability 1 Is it the right container 2 Is it the right type 3 Is it the right size 4 Is its rating adequate 5 Is it made of the right material

Container Packing Aims Rapid packing No delays No heavy manual handling Avoid accidents Prevent damage

Working Methods 1 Position and preparing container 2 Preparing for work 3 Using appropriate equipment 4 Using safe manual methods 5 Using dunnage correctly 6 Preventing condensation 7 Packing safely 8 Following special instructions 9 Following loading plan

Container Preparation 1 Position container correctly 2 Set on firm level ground 3 Secure trailer > Brake and Chock 4 Support trailer 5 Floor level with loading platform 6 Close gap with plate or ram

Container Preparation 7 Clear loading area 8 Light loading area 9 Fit dock seals correctly 10 Keep access clear

Prepare Prior to Loading Treated dunnage Separation materials Paper Securing materials Moisture protection materials

Good Mechanical Handling Practices 1 Select the best machine 2 Check floor loading 3 Use electric machines 4 Use appropriate attachments 5 Check load is secure 6 Use ramps, bridge plates 7 Use pallet trucks over short distances 8 Carry loads near to ground 9 Keep loads up-slope

Ramp

Drum Loader

Forklift

Reels Loader

Good Manual Handling 1 Lay dunnage progressively 2 Remove empty pallets 3 Lower packages onto soft material 4 Do NOT drag cargo > use rollers 5 Use hooks or grips ONLY when safe 6 Handle carefully 7 Lift Safely

Using Dunnage Correctly 1 Select the appropriate type 2 Check its condition 3 Use treated timber

Preventing Condensation Do Not 1 Pack wet cargo or wet container 2 Use wet dunnage 3 Pack moisture producing goods with moisture sensitive ones 4 Allow moisture sensitive goods to touch container walls or roof 5 Pack sweaty cargoes under waterproof sheets

Preventing Condensation DO 6 Protect machinery by vacuum packing or coating 7 Use absorbent dunnage 8 Use temperature controlled containers and or holds 9 Use vented/ventilated containers and or holds 10 Leave air duct spaces

Packing Safely 1 DO pack scrap metal and ore carefully 2 Do NOT pack damaged packages 3 Do NOT smoke 4 DO wear appropriate protective clothing 5 DO take care when working with machinery 6 DO label the container when fumigating, using dry ice or packing dangerous goods

International Standard Handling Instructions

Pack To The Plan 1 Follow the loading plan 2 Conform any alterations to the plan 3 Check each packages as it is loaded 4 Tick off on the tally list 5 Note any damage difference on the list

Packing Special Cargoes 1 Long cargoes 2 Oversized and heavy lifts 3 Refrigerated cargoes 4 Dry bulk cargoes 5 Liquid bulk cargoes

Packing Reefers 1 Select a suitable container 2 Prepare the container 3 Check the container temperature 4 Pre-cool the cargo, check temperature 5 Pack at the cold store 6 Leave air ducts when stacking 7 Do not stack above load line

Packing reefers 8 Hang on rails if appropriate 9 When packed close doors 10 Check position of ventilation 11 Check setpoint and mark the chart 12 Write temperature etc on packing list.

Completing Packing 1 Secure the cargo 2 Brace/shore at the door 3 Replace cover of open top 4 Sign tally list 5 Complete container packing list, put copy inside door and distribute copies 6 For dangerous goods complete a container packing certificate and attach placards

Completing Packing 7 Close and seal the door 8 Attach fumigant/refrigerant labels 9 Request container removal 10 Weigh the container

Unpacking

Preparing To Unpack 1 Position and secure the container 2 Check container external condition 3 Inspect and remove the door seal 4 Carefully open and secure the door 5 Inspect the container contents 6 Retrieve the container packing list

Unpacking 1 Use handling equipment, but correctly 2 If unpacking by hand, follow all appropriate precautions 3 Unpack in sequence and tally 4 Sort and reassemble the consignment at the door 5 Palletize small loose items

Unpacking 6 Check each package for condition and identity 7 Take damaged packages to the appropriate holding area 8 Remove separating dunnage carefully 9 Attach a pile tag to each stored consignment