Chapter 12 Notes Section 1 Notes – Cold War Begins Section 1 Notes – Cold War Begins Section 2 Notes – The Korean War Section 2 Notes – The Korean War Section 3 Notes – Cold War Expansion Section 3 Notes – Cold War Expansion Section 4 Notes – Cold War at Home Section 4 Notes – Cold War at Home

Jumpstart Assignment None, you will turn in your jumpstarts today.

VS.

Potsdam Conference

Government controlled Government controlled Control religion Control religion Control movement Control movement Control job Control job Control business – government determines what is made, when it is made, who makes it Control business – government determines what is made, when it is made, who makes it No individual rights No individual rights Government controls every aspect of the economy Government controls every aspect of the economy Protects worker Protects worker

Free enterprise – people choose occupation Free enterprise – people choose occupation – Freedom to begin own business Freedom to fail Freedom to fail CHOICE CHOICE Little to no government intervention Little to no government intervention

Communism = bad Capitalism = good

Roots of the Cold War How did WW2 end? What was the state of the world following the war? How did WW2 end? What was the state of the world following the war? – The Yalta Conference – Potsdam The Soviet Union occupies most of Eastern Europe, Germany and Berlin are split in two. The Soviet Union occupies most of Eastern Europe, Germany and Berlin are split in two. – These countries become satellite states (controlled by the Soviet Union) – Soviet world conquest?

Meeting the Soviet Challenge Churchill’s “Iron Curtain” speech challenges Great Britain and America to meet the Soviet aggression. Churchill’s “Iron Curtain” speech challenges Great Britain and America to meet the Soviet aggression. Truman meets the challenge with Truman Doctrine – financial aid to nations struggling to fend off communist movements Truman meets the challenge with Truman Doctrine – financial aid to nations struggling to fend off communist movements

Containment Policy Author “X” (George F. Keenan) encourages containment – keeping communism contained within its existing borders. Author “X” (George F. Keenan) encourages containment – keeping communism contained within its existing borders Secretary of State George Marshall outlines Marshall Plan – over 4 years, the U.S. gives over $13 billion in aid to Western Europe Secretary of State George Marshall outlines Marshall Plan – over 4 years, the U.S. gives over $13 billion in aid to Western Europe.

Marshall Plan

The Cold War Heats Up Berlin becomes the front line of the Cold War. Berlin becomes the front line of the Cold War. Stalin blockades West Berlin Stalin blockades West Berlin Stalin blockades West Berlin Stalin blockades West Berlin Britain and U.S. supply West Berlin in the Berlin Airlift. Britain and U.S. supply West Berlin in the Berlin Airlift. Rival Alliances: Rival Alliances: – NATO – North Atlantic Treaty Organization – sets up a policy of collective security - an attack on one, is an attack on all. – Warsaw Pact

Jumpstart Assignment Predict: Why is the Cold War considered “cold?” Why did the Cold War never become “hot?”

Communists in China China is in the middle of a civil war following the end of WW2. Jiang Jieshi or (Chaing Kai-skek) – Nationalist leader of China Mao Zedong – led communist revolution in China

Who wins in China? Soviets commit billions of dollars to the peoples revolution. Soviets commit billions of dollars to the peoples revolution. Americans commit billions to Jiang Jieshi. Americans commit billions to Jiang Jieshi. Nationalist take America aid and pocket it, while Mao promises to feed the people. Nationalist take America aid and pocket it, while Mao promises to feed the people. Jieshi flees to Taiwan Jieshi flees to Taiwan

The Korean War ( ?) Soviets – North Korea Soviets – North Korea – Communist US – South Korea US – South Korea – Democratic 38 th parallel 38 th parallel – UN involvement – Soviet boycott of Security Council

American’s in Korea June 1949 – American’s exit Korea June 1949 – American’s exit Korea June 25, 1950 – North Korea crosses the 38 th parallel June 25, 1950 – North Korea crosses the 38 th parallel UN agrees to repel the invasion, Truman sends in American forces. UN agrees to repel the invasion, Truman sends in American forces. General Douglas MacArthur – takes command of American forces. General Douglas MacArthur – takes command of American forces.

Overconfidence led to proclamation Overconfidence led to proclamation Chinese would and could not get involved Chinese would and could not get involved Goal: Drive to Yalu River. Goal: Drive to Yalu River. Home by Christmas

Wants Chinese opposition to attack mainland Wants Chinese opposition to attack mainland Truman fears Asian war Truman fears Asian war MacArthur circumvents president MacArthur circumvents president MacArthur returns home a hero. MacArthur returns home a hero. Truman fires MacArthur

Eisenhower Vows to end the war, and threatens the use of nuclear weapons.

Lessons from the War Truman commits w/o Congress declaration of war. Truman commits w/o Congress declaration of war. Increased military spending. Increased military spending. SEATO – Southeast Asian Treaty Organization SEATO – Southeast Asian Treaty Organization

Jumpstart Assignment Answer after watching the video: Do you think living in the Cold War would have been a scary, interesting, or fun time to live in America?

Group Work/Presentations Directions: Directions: – Read the section that refers to your question(s). – Prepare a presentation to teach your term(s) to the class. Be sure to answer all questions from your chapter or section. – Add something from that section/chapter that you think may be important/interesting for your classmates to know. – Create a visual aid as part of your presentation for your chapter (skit, drawing, illustration, etc.)

B-29 Super Fortress Bomber

Nevada Test Site

Nuclear Test Site

Nuclear Stockpiles

Khrushchev and Eisenhower

Hungary vs. Soviet Union – 1956 Olympics

Suez Crisis

Sputnik 1 and 2 Laika – Sputnik 2

Cold War Inventions

Fall Out Shelters

Fall Out Shelter

Duck and Cover

Jumpstart Assignment I will read a statement, then you will need to answer the question: What does it mean for someone to be “un-American?” I will read a statement, then you will need to answer the question: What does it mean for someone to be “un-American?”

Worrying About Communism Worry about communism abroad and at home caused Americans to tune in to the news. Worry about communism abroad and at home caused Americans to tune in to the news. The Red Scare or fear that communists were working to destroy American life gripped the United States. The Red Scare or fear that communists were working to destroy American life gripped the United States. In 1940, the Truman administration used the Smith Act to cripple the communist party – a law that made in unlawful to teach or advocate violent overthrow of the U.S. government. In 1940, the Truman administration used the Smith Act to cripple the communist party – a law that made in unlawful to teach or advocate violent overthrow of the U.S. government.

The Witch Hunt in Congress In 1938, Congress created the House Un- American Activities Committee (HUAC) to investigate activities of communists and fascists. In 1938, Congress created the House Un- American Activities Committee (HUAC) to investigate activities of communists and fascists. Hollywood Ten were a group of left-wing writers, producers and directors who refused to answer questions regarding their political beliefs. Hollywood Ten were a group of left-wing writers, producers and directors who refused to answer questions regarding their political beliefs. – At the trial, a blacklist was circulated of entertainment figures who should not be hired because of their suspected communist ties.

Spy Cases Alger Hiss Julius and Ethel Rosenberg

Joseph McCarthy and McCarthyism In Feb. 1950, gave a speech in which he charged that the State Department was infested with communist agents. In Feb. 1950, gave a speech in which he charged that the State Department was infested with communist agents. McCarthyism became a catchword for extreme, reckless charges. McCarthyism became a catchword for extreme, reckless charges. Being accused by McCarthy is some cases was grounds enough to get you fired and ruin your reputation. Being accused by McCarthy is some cases was grounds enough to get you fired and ruin your reputation.