Chapter #10 Study Guide Answers

CHAPTER 10 Intersections STUDY GUIDE FOR CHAPTER 10 LESSON 1 Basic Intersections For each sentence below, circle T if the statement is true and F if it is false. Correct each false statement in the space below. 1. Places where one road meets or crosses another are called intersections. True 2. Intersections are usually controlled by traffic lights. False - Intersections are often controlled by stop signs. 3. When approaching an intersection with a 4-way stop, assume that all drivers will obey the right-of-way rules. False – Do not assume that all drivers will obey right-of-way rules.

4. Before entering an intersection, scan and search all four corners to make sure nothing will block your route. True 5. If you are approaching an intersection and the light begins to change from green to yellow, speed up to make it across the intersection. False – Slow down and stop at the light before you enter the intersection if possible. 6. A T-intersection is created when one road ends and forms a “T” with a crossroad. 7. At a T-intersection, you must yield to all traffic on the cross street.

FIND OUT MORE. Think of a basic intersection near your home.   What are the street names at this intersection? What are the traffic controls at this intersection? If you are on your way home, what direction are you going at this intersection? Before crossing this intersection how will you look? Why? Right, Left, Right – Why? Left, Right, Left – Why? Just Left – Why?

STUDY GUIDE FOR CHAPTER 10 LESSON 2 Railroad Crossings For each sentence below, circle T if the statement is true and F if it is false. Correct each false statement in the space below. 1. When you come to any railroad crossing, you should always slow down. True 2. You should stop no closer than 5 feet from a railroad crossing. False - You should not stop closer than 15 feet from a railroad crossing. 3. If the lights at a railroad crossing are flashing, you can cross the tracks only if you do not see a train and after looking carefully. False - If the lights at a railroad crossing are flashing, you must stop. 4. A railroad crossing with no lights flashing does not necessarily mean that it is safe to cross without looking first. 5. You should stop on railroad tracks only if the vehicle ahead of you has stopped. False - You should never stop on railroad tracks.

6. As soon as a train has passed, you should look and listen to see if there is another train before moving. True 7. If your car has stalled on the tracks of a railroad crossing and you see a train coming, leave at once and move away from the tracks. 8. Never assume that a track is clear or that you can beat a train.

FIND OUT MORE. Think of a nearby railroad crossing and try to remember as much detail as you can.   Are the warning signs leading up to it adequate and visible? What do they look like? (Draw a picture) Does the crossing have a regulatory cross buck sign? If so, what does it look like? (Draw a picture) Does the crossing have a gate and warning lights? Overall, in your opinion, is it a safe crossing?

TRAIN AWARENESS http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uOXbhFKMbpU http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ekpD06P7kiI

Two boys are struck and killed by NJ Transit train in Wayne Monday, October 03, 2011, 9:56 PM     By Star-Ledger Staff The Star-Ledger

NJ Boy, 13, Killed by Train While Crossing Tracks Tuesday, Oct 4, 2011

a railroad crossing with flashing lights, STOP (at least ) 15 feet from the crossing! When approaching a railroad crossing with flashing lights, what must you do?

STUDY GUIDE FOR CHAPTER 10 LESSON 3 Roundabouts A. Complete the sentences below by filling in the blanks with the correct words. 1. When approaching a roundabout, _______________ as you approach the traffic circle. slow down 2. If other vehicles are in the roundabout, _______________ to traffic until you can enter. yield 3. Before entering a roundabout, scan for pedestrians and _______________. bicyclists 4. Go in the _______________ of traffic once you’re in a roundabout. direction 5. Traffic movement in a roundabout is always _______________. counterclockwise

6. Unless otherwise posted, the speed in a roundabout is generally _______________ or less. 20 mph 7. Two-lane roundabouts allow for a _______________ volume of traffic than do single-lane roundabouts. greater 8. _______________ turns are completed by traveling around the center of the island. Left 9. Roundabouts move traffic through intersections at a _______________ and _______________ pace. slow safe 10. All vehicles in a roundabout are required to yield to _______________ in a crosswalk. pedestrians 11. Vehicles in the circulating lane have the _______________. right of-way

FIND OUT MORE. Use the Internet to research the history of roundabouts in the United States. What year was the first roundabout completed? 1904 What was it called and where was it located? New York City's Columbus Circle What benefits have the use of roundabouts brought to traffic control in NJ? No stop in traffic, easy way to change direction, etc. In your opinion, are there been any disadvantages. Can be confusing.

STUDY GUIDE FOR CHAPTER 10 LESSON 4 Complex Intersections A. For each sentence below, circle T if the statement is true and F if it is false. Correct each false statement in the space below. 1. A complex intersection is one where two major roadways cross paths. True 2. A complex intersection can contain five to six lanes, multiple turning lanes, and turn-arrow signals. 3. Very few collisions take place in complex intersections. False - A large number of collisions take place in complex intersections. 4. Side-impact collisions occur when a vehicle is hit by another vehicle from the side. 5. The majority of side-impact collisions occur at intersections.

6. Fewer than half of rear-end crashes take place at or near intersections. False - More than half of rear-end crashes take place at or near intersections. B. What electronic signals and body gestures can you use to communicate with pedestrians and other drivers at complex intersections? Electronic Signals - turn-signals; brake lights; backup lights; horn; headlights (flash on and off, switch from high beams to low beams) Body Gestures – hand signal; nodding; shaking head FIND OUT MORE. Research New Jersey’s most current collision statistics by going to the NJ State Police website: http://www.njsp.org/info/stats.html and looking at the “2012 Fatal Motor Vehicle Crash Statistics”.   How many fatal crashes occurred in NJ during 2012? 553 fatal crashes  in 2012 How many fatalities occurred from these crashes? 589 fatalities resulted from the 553 crashes How many of these fatalities occurred at intersections? 114 fatal crashes causing ??? fatalities at intersections in 2012

2013 QUICK FACTS Nationwide, the fatality rate remained at a historic low of 1.11 fatalities per hundred million vehicle miles traveled. Nationwide preliminary statistics indicate there were 32,850 people killed. In New Jersey, there were 508 fatal crashes with 542 people killed. There was a decrease of 45 fatal crashes and a decrease of 48 fatalities. Of the fatalities, 26.4 % had consumed alcohol to some extent. Of all drivers, 12.0 % were legally intoxicated. An average of 1.48 persons were killed every day. There were 54 fatal crashes involving 57 motorcycles. Pedalcyclists accounted for 14 fatal crashes. The pedestrian death toll was 132. There were a total of 29 hit and run fatal crashes involving 41 vehicles. The victims were comprised of 5 drivers, 2 passengers, 20 pedestrians and 2 pedalcyclists. There are 39,213 miles of public open roads in the state of New Jersey, indicating one death for every 72.3 miles. Straight roads were involved in 59.6 % of all fatal crashes. Of all fatal crashes, 82.1 % occurred during clear weather conditions. Of the known drivers involved in fatal crashes, 73.3 % were males. Of the vehicles involved in fatal crashes, 53.9 % involved passenger cars. There were 31 tractor-trailers involved in 28 fatal crashes which resulted in 34 fatalities.

a d b c STUDY GUIDE FOR CHAPTER 10 LESSON 5 Interchanges A. Match the term on the left with its definition on the right. 1. interchange place where one major freeway crosses another road 2. through lanes allow a vehicle to reduce speed to exit a freeway or to increase speed to merge into moving traffic 3. speed-change lanes move vehicles from one road to another 4. ramps designed for drivers staying on the same turnpike or interstate highway) these lanes continue straight through an interchange a d b c

Often chosen for lower- Diamond Cloverleaf Trumpet Often chosen for lower- traffic interchanges without special constraints; all traffic exits right; works best for light-traffic situations; its ramps allow vehicles to transition from low speeds or dead stops to freeway speeds. Traffic exits via “loops” in the roadway; used where a freeway intersects a busy surface street; allows full access between two busy roads without stopping. Roads loop off either to the right or to the left to join another roadway; traffic may sometimes be required to stop. FIND OUT MORE. The next time you get in a motor vehicle take note of the different types of interchanges on the freeway.   What type of interchanges are on Rt 78? Which type do you think is most common?

Intersections Interesting Interchange in Japan: http://www. youtube Intersections Interesting Interchange in Japan: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JXfjxJ4Qbs8 Uncontrolled Intersection in Vietnam: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UIthEM6pDqw&feature=related Red Light Cameras: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0_byFv80xF4&feature=fvsr Intersection Collision Avoidance Technology: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QkXvg4kL5rk Crazy Intersection in Russia: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5P5Az7AKD4Y