By CA. Pankaj Deshpande B.Com, FCA, D.I.S.A. (ICA) 1

 Any business unit,  A group of people,  Using common resources  To achieve a common goal, 2

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 Acquire  Utilize  Dispose off 4

 A common system used by all and used for all types of resource planning and utilization. 5

Human Resource Logistics Finance / Accounts Sales & Distribution Material Management Production Quality Control 6 Production Planning

Sales Dept. Stores Production Planning Vendor Shop Floor Finance H.R. Out of Stock Raw Material Not in Stock 7

 Proper Communication and exchange of data between business units. 8

 De-centralized  Centralized 9

 Data is maintained by each department separately.  Department does not have access to data of other department. 10

Sales Dept. Stores Out of Stock New Vendor Loss of Revenue, Loss of Reputation 11

Sales Dept. Stores Production Planning Out of Stock Raw Material Not in Stock Vendor Raw Material Information is stored separately by both departments Production Floor H.R. Finance 12

 Increase in cost  Increase in delay  Increase in data  Increase in dis-satisfaction 13

Sales Dept. Stores Central Database Production Planning Vendor Shop Floor H.R. Finance 14

15 Efficiency Revenue Productivity

 Planning  Materials Management  Production  Sales & Distribution  Finance & Accounting  Human Resource  Research & Development 16

 Combination of activities that takes some input and generates an output.  Creates value for customer.  May spread across different functions. 17

Customer Service Department Stores Department Purchase Department Stores Department Service Department 18

 Sharing of common data. 19

 Material requisition is sent by Production to Stores Department  Stores department sends the requirement to Purchase Department  Purchase Departments raises a purchase order on approved vendor.  Material is received by Stores Department  Invoice is sent to Accounts Department  Material is sent to Production Department  Payment is made to the vendor by Accounts Department. 20

 Use of common master data. ◦ E.g. Name of stock items, Name of vendors, etc.  Use of common transaction data. ◦ E.g. Sales figures used by Accounts and Marketing Department shall be from same data. 21

UserApplicationDatabaseApplication 22

 Business Intelligence  Data Warehousing  Online Analytical Processing  Product Life Cycle Management  Supply Chain Management  Customer Relationship Management 23

 Decision Making Tool  Includes Skills, Processes, Technologies, Applications, Practices, etc.  Facilitates quicker, better and correct decision making. 24

 Identify and exploit areas of strength.  Address areas that are not performing well.  Identify areas of opportunity  Know consequences of decisions (What if)  Reward those who perform well  Educate those who do not perform well  Identify areas of business growth 25

Business Intelligence Data Warehouse BI ToolsApplications 26

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 A system of separating operational and non operational data. Database Operational Data Non Operational Data 28

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 Operational Data – Recording of transactions  Non Operational Data – Viewing / Analysis 30

ExtractTransformLoad 31

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 Data Warehouse  Old Software to New Software  Mergers & acquisitions  Data from third parties 33

 Definitions of data elements in the data warehouse/data sources  Transformation rules  Data about data  Used by the end user to find and understand data in data warehouse 34

 Data – Books  Meta Data – Numbering system, Arranging System, Titling System 35

 Fast and smooth working with operational data by reducing the load.  Easy reporting and analysis of information.  Facilitate Decision Support System 36

 Cost of maintenance  Latency as compared to operational data 37

 Credit Card Analysis  Insurance Fraud Analysis  Phone Call Record Analysis  Logistic Management 38

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 Extracting information from data and converting it into knowledge. DataInformationKnowledge 40

 Mobile Call Rates Decision  Call Duration  Gender of caller  City of caller  Time of call  Age of caller 41

 Approach to quickly answer multi- dimensional analytical queries.  Part of Business Intelligence 42

 What are the top five products sold from these three points to the customer between the age of 15 to 30 ? Analysis of Sales Point of Sales Web Store Call Centre 43

 In case of web store, age is stored as date of birth.  In case of point of sales – age is stored as a range, i.e. between 15 to

 Oracle Express Server  Hyperion Solutions Essbase  Cognos  Business Objects  MicroStrategy 45

 Process of managing entire lifecycle of a product.  Integrates people, data, processes, business systems. 46

 Phase 1 : Conceive – ◦ Imagine, Specify, Plan, Innovate  Phase 2 : Design – ◦ Describe, Define, Develop, Test, Analyze, Validate  Phase 3 : Realize – ◦ Manufacture, Make, Build, Procure, Produce, Sell, Deliver  Phase 4 : Service – ◦ Use, Operate, Maintain, Support, Sustain, Phase Out, Retire, Recycle, Dispose. 47

 Process of planning, implementing, controlling the operations of supply chain.  Includes movement and storage of raw materials, work in process inventory and finished goods from point of origin to point of consumption.  Integrates supply and demand management within and across companies. 48

 It starts with Customer/Customers  Its about gaining and retaining customer. 49

CRM Operational CRMAnalytical CRM Sales Intelligence CRM 50

 Network as platform spanning all connected devices.  Continuous updations.  Consumption and mixing of data from multiple sources, even from users.  Rich user experience. 51

 Desktop Application  Browser Application 52

 A software where with its ◦ source code made available with a license in which the ◦ copy right holder provides the right to study, change and distribute software to any one for any purpose. 53

 Open Bravo (  SQL Ledger (  xTuple Post Books (  Open Source (opensourceaccountingsoftware.com)  ERP5 (  Project Open ERP ( 54