Unit 5 Review 54321

Question 1 Describe the purpose and the steps of the Congress of Vienna

Answer 1 Bring stability to Europe. The goal was to strengthen the countries around France while weakening France. France was not broken however. (see worksheet)

Question 2 Magna Carta, English Civil War, habeas corpus, the English Bill of Rights, and the Glorious Revolution all resulted in

Answer 2 A Constitutional Monarchy in England. The power of the monarch was weakened.

Question 3 This promised the French Protestants (Huguenots) that they could live in peace in France.

Answer 3 Edict of Nantes

Question 4 The King and Queen of France during the French Revolution

Answer 4 King Louis XVI and Queen Marie Antoinette

Question 5 His social contract stated that all men are basically evil and need a strong government to keep them from fighting with each other

Answer 5 Thomas Hobbes

Question 6 Change in thought in 1500 Europe where the natural world began to be characterized by careful observation and the questioning of accepted beliefs. Galileo; Isaac Newton

Answer 6 Scientific Revolution

Question 7 Ruler of Russia who gained a warm water port in St. Petersburg and westernized Russia

Answer 7 Peter the Great

Question 8 The belief that people should be loyal mainly to their country. Love for one’s country.

Answer 8 Nationalism

Question 9 “I think, therefore I am” Scientific thinker who believed that scientists need to reject old assumptions and thinkings.

Answer 9 René Descartes

Question 10 He ruled while Louis XIV was a young boy. He helped to concentrate all of the power into the monarchy.

Answer 10 Cardinal Mazarin

Question 11 Enlightened thinker who promoted the idea of separation of power and branches of government.

Answer 11 Baron de Montesquieu

Question 12 This Jacobian leader led France during the Reign of Terror

Answer 12 Robespierre

Question 13 A system of governing where the king and queen’s power is limited by law

Answer 13 Constitutional Monarchy

Question 14 Simon Bolivar, Jose de San Martin, and Bernardo O’Higgins,

Answer 14 South American independence leaders

Question 15 Belief that the earth is the center of the universe

Answer 15 geocentric theory

Question 16 This deeply religious Spanish king built up the Spanish Armada, using it to attack the Ottoman Empire and England

Answer 16 Phillip II

Question 17 The three French Estates and who represented them

Answer 17 First Estate – clergy Second Estate – Nobles Third Estate – Merchants, farmers, peasants, etc.

Question 18 The agreement by which people define and limit their individual rights, thus creating an organized society or government

Answer 18 social contract

Question 19 A goal and an achievement of both Peter the Great and Catherine the Great

Answer 19 warm water port

Question 20 Because people wanted this, they were willing to allow Napoleon to gain power in France.

Answer 20 stability in France

Question 21 He followed Copernicus’ ideas about heliocentric theory. He was called before the Inquisition and forced to recant his views.

Answer 21 Galileo Galilei

Question 22 The estate system Economic troubles Enlightened ideas A weak ruler

Answer 22 Causes of the French Revolution

Question 23 The “Sun King”…..he was the ultimate absolute monarch

Answer 23 Louis XIV

Question 24 He believed in government by the people, for the people. The role of government is to protect people’s rights.

Answer 24 John Locke

Question 25 This ruler almost single handedly united Germany.

Answer 25 Otto von Bismarck

Question 26 A king or queen who has unlimited power and seeks to control all aspects of society.

Answer 26 absolute monarchy

Question 27 He was the first to publish heliocentric ideas. To avoid the church, his works didn’t become published until the last year of his life.

Answer 27 Copernicus

Question 28 These two leaders united Italy

Answer 28 Camillo Cavour and Giuseppe Garibaldi

Question 29 He strengthened France economically and politically before attempting to conquer the world.

Answer 29 Napoleon Bonaparte

Question 30 This French enlightened thinker and writer believed in the idea of freedom of speech. He corresponded his ideas regularly with Catherine the Great of Russia

Answer 30 Voltaire

Question 31 This Russian czar was best known for his persecution of the boyars

Answer 31 Ivan the Terrible

Question 32 The idea that monarchs are God’s representative on earth and are therefore answerable only to God. Louis XIV and Phillip II are two examples of such.

Answer 32 Divine Right

Question 33 Sun centered view of the universe

Answer 33 Heliocentric theory

Question 34 European movement in which thinkers attempted to apply the principles of LOGIC AND REASON and the scientific method to all aspects of society

Answer 34 Enlightenment

Question 35 Russian enlightened despot who brought a warm water port to Russia

Answer 35 Catherine the Great

Question 36 Scientific thinker known for his work with gravity

Answer 36 Sir Isaac Newton

Question 37 His social contract was an agreement among free people to create a society and a government for the people and by the people

Answer 37 Jean Jacques Rousseau

Question 38 Miguel Hidalgo Jose Maria Morelos Agustin de Iturbide

Answer 38 Independence leaders of Mexico

Question 39 Inflation as a result of the price of silver dropping because of too much being brought over from the Americas

Answer 39 Reasons for Spain weakening

Question 40 A logical procedure for gathering information about the natural world, in which experimentation and observation are used to test hypothesis.

Answer 40 Scientific Method

Question 41 Robespierre and the guillotine were all important elements of this…..

Answer 41 Reign of Terror

Question 42 The process of forcing Russian culture on all ethnic groups in the Russian Empire

Answer 42 Russification

Question 43 He ruled France for an inept Louis XIII and increased the power of the Bourbon dynasty.

Answer 43 Cardinal Richelieu

Question 44 This was a comprehensive and uniform set of laws for France after the Reign of Terror had ended

Answer 44 Napoleonic Code

Question 45 This attempted to guarantee a long lasting peace in Europe after Napoleon was forced out.

Answer 45 Congress of Vienna

Question 46 This Roundhead led the English Puritans to victory in the English Civil War

Answer 46 Oliver Cromwell

Question 47 This war was fought when Louis XIV attempted to put in grandson in power in Spain

Answer 47 War of the Spanish Succession

Question 48 This slave led a revolt on the island of St. Dominique. His actions led to Napoleon selling the U.S. the Louisiana territory.

Answer 48 Toussaint L’Ouverture