Respiratory System

Healthy Lung Vs. Smokers Lung http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yskYG-EVlBY https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yIURbmJZxIg

Upper Respiratory system Internal Nares- Allows air to enter the nose and pass through into the nasal cavity

Upper Respiratory System Nasopharynx- upper most part of the pharynx; passage way for air

Upper Respiratory System Eustachian Tubes- links pharynx to middle ear; pressure equalization, mucus drainage

Upper respiratory system Hard Palate- roof of the mouth; speech production

Upper Respiratory System Soft Palate- does not contain bone located at the back of the mouth speech production, separates nasal cavity and oral cavity when swallowing

Upper Respiratory System Palatine Tonsil- left and right side of the back of the throat; provides defense against pathogens

Upper respiratory system Oropharynx- below soft palate and below epiglottis; passage way for air and food

Upper Respiratory system Epiglottis- flap structure that allows air to enter the trachea

Upper Respiratory System Glottis- slit of the epiglottis, space between vocal chords; adds buzzing quality to speech Glottis

Upper respiratory system Vocal Folds Production of sounds used for speech Regulate flow of air into lungs

Upper respiratory system Laryngopharynx- lower part of pharynx; passage of air and food

Upper respiratory system Trachea- ciliated mucus membrane; filters air and traps particles

Upper respiratory system Nasal Conchae Increase Surface area for filtration of air Warms and moistens air

Upper respiratory system Nasal Vestibule Beginning of nasal passage Hair helps to capture large particles

Upper respiratory system Oral Cavity- mouth Lining of the mouth and saliva glands aid provide lubrication Aids in speech, swallowing, and digestion of food

Upper respiratory system Tongue- aids in speech and in swallowing to cover up epiglottis when you swallow

Upper respiratory system Thyroid Cartilage- Adam’s Apple Protection and support for the vocal folds

Upper respiratory System Cricoid Cartilage Connection for ligaments, cartilage, and muscles Facilitates opening and shutting of air passage Production of sound

Lower respiratory system Larynx Between the pharynx and trachea Houses the vocal folds A passageway for air moving in and out of the trachea

Lower respiratory system Parietal Pleura Lines the inner wall of the chest Covers the diaphragm Lubrication- serous fluid

Lower respiratory system Visceral Pleura Membrane on the lung Easy movement of lungs within chest wall

Lower respiratory system Alveolar Sac Cluster of alveoli located at the end of each alveolar duct Contain alveoli

Lower respiratory system Alveolar Duct Connects bronchioles to alveolar sacs

Lower respiratory system Alveolus Site of gas exchange with blood Secrete Surfactant

Lower respiratory system Diaphragm Muscle that separates thoracic cavity from abdominal cavity Performs an important function in respiration

Lower respiratory system Tracheal Cartilage Shape and support trachea Ring Shaped- 16 to 20

Lower respiratory system Apex of Lung Rounded upper portion of the lung

Lower respiratory system Mediastinum Divides thoracic cavity into two pleural cavities

Lower respiratory system Left Primary Bronchus Main passageway into the lungs

Lower respiratory system Lower Terminal Bronchioles End of the conduction zone Transitions to the respiratory zone

Lower respiratory system Conduction Zone Nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, and terminal bronchioles Respiratory Zone Site of gas exchange; CO2 and O2

Lower respiratory system Carina Bottom of trachea; splits into primary bronchus Mucus membrane is sensitive and triggers cough reflex

Lower respiratory system Secondary Bronchi (120) Branches off of the primary bronchi Tertiary Bronchi (121) Branches off of the tertiary bronchi Splits into bronchioles

Respiratory System _____________ provides an opening for air to enter and leave the nasal cavity. List the three ways in which the upper respiratory system filters the air before it reaches the lungs. Describe the function of the epiglottis. The _____________ are the primary site for gas exchange. Explain the difference between the conduction zone and the respiratory zone. Describe the function of the diaphragm.