9 The Respiratory System Lesson 9.1: Functions and Anatomy of the Respiratory System Lesson 9.2: Respiration: Mechanics and Control Lesson 9.3: Respiratory Disorders and Diseases
Functions and Anatomy of the Respiratory System Chapter 9: The Respiratory System Lesson 9.1 Functions and Anatomy of the Respiratory System
Anatomy of the Respiratory System the nose the nasal cavity the pharynx the larynx the trachea the bronchi the lungs
Anatomy of the Respiratory System
Anatomy of the Respiratory System the nose nares the nasal cavity conchae the palate the sinuses
Anatomy of the Respiratory System the pharynx tonsils the larynx epiglottis the trachea C rings
Anatomy of the Respiratory System the bronchi primary bronchi bronchioles the alveoli surfactant pores of Kohn the alveolar capillary membrane
Anatomy of the Respiratory System the lungs mediastinum apex pleural sac parietal pleura visceral pleura
The Upper Respiratory Tract
Review and Assessment Match these words with 1–4 below: surfactant, apex, epiglottis, conchae. 1. lungs 2. larynx 3. nasal cavity 4. alveoli
Respiration: Mechanics and Control Chapter 9: The Respiratory System Lesson 9.2 Respiration: Mechanics and Control
Respiration: Mechanics and Control nonrespiratory air maneuvers control of breathing lung volume
Respiration also known as breathing air always moves from a higher pressure area to a lower pressure area four key tasks involved in respiration pulmonary ventilation external respiration respiratory gas transport internal respiration
Respiration Boyle’s law as the volume of a gas increases, the pressure of the gas decreases
Respiration inspiration (inhalation) expiration (exhalation) diaphragm and intercostal muscles contract thoracic cavity expands expiration (exhalation) diaphragm and intercostal muscles relax thoracic cavity shrinks
Respiration
Nonrespiratory Air Maneuvers
Control of Breathing neural factors chemical factors pons and medulla oblongata chemical factors central chemoreceptors peripheral chemoreceptors mechanoreceptors
Control of Breathing
Lung Volume static dynamic air volume in lungs air volume in lungs based on time
Static Lung Volume tidal volume vital capacity residual volume functional residual capacity inspiratory reserve volume expiratory reserve volume total lung capacity
Dynamic Lung Volume forced expiratory volume in one second forced expiratory volume in one second/forced vital capacity
Review and Assessment True or False? 1. The pons and medulla control breathing. 2. Static lung volume involves time. 3. Muscles contract in inspiration. 4. Larger gas volume, higher pressure. 5. Gas moves from low to high pressure.
Respiratory Disorders and Diseases Chapter 9: The Respiratory System Lesson 9.3 Respiratory Disorders and Diseases
Respiratory Disorders and Diseases upper respiratory tract illnesses lower respiratory tract illnesses chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases asthma lung cancer
Upper Respiratory Tract Illnesses
Upper Respiratory Tract Illnesses avoiding URIs cover when sneezing and coughing wash hands don’t touch hands to eyes, nose, mouth influenza vaccine icyimage/Shutterstock.com
Lower Respiratory Tract Illnesses acute bronchitis inflammation pneumonia infection tuberculosis
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases causes smoking living with COPD stop smoking purse-lipped breathing
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases emphysema decreased lung surface area pink puffers chronic bronchitis inflammation obstructs airways blue bloaters
Asthma asthma attack inflamed and narrowed airways bronchospasms caused by allergens or irritants treatment relaxes muscles to expand airways xavier gallego morel/Shutterstock.com
Lung Cancer more deaths from lung cancer than other cancers non-small cell lung cancer more common lung cancer small cell lung cancer less common lung cancer
Review and Assessment Fill in the blanks with: small cell, bronchospasms, decreased lung surface area, or infection. 1. An asthma attack includes _______________. 2. A symptom of emphysema is _______________. 3. The more common lung cancer is _______________. 4. Tuberculosis is caused by _______________.