© American Standard Inc. CAUSES AND EFFECTS OF DEFERRED MAINTENCE s Texas Association of Community Schools s Houston, Texas s October 20, 2014 Greg Spencer

© American Standard Inc. Statistics today: s USGAO estimates 1 in 5 children attend schools with poor IAQ s Old infrastructure – 73% of public schools built prior to 1970 s GAO report indicates 15,000 schools circulating unfit air s Nationally, deferred maintenance costs risen to $127B

© American Standard Inc. Contributors to the problem: s Inadequate school funding s Increased enrollments s Lack of manpower and capabilities s Competing interests – curricular & facility

© American Standard Inc. Some impacts: s Inefficient equipment operation s Reduced equipment effectiveness s Increased utility costs s Poor IAQ s Reduced equipment life expectancy

© American Standard Inc. Tough Life for a RTU-Typical in TX s Regarded as semi-disposal pieces of equipment. s Live in a harsh environment. s Receive little to no maintenance.

© American Standard Inc. Air-Side Vs. Refrigerant-Side s Two fluid loops to deal with. s Air Side s Refrigerant Side s Always do air-side maintenance and repairs first.

© American Standard Inc. Air-Side Focus s Filters s Cooling Coil s Fan s Motor s Casing Integrity

© American Standard Inc. Filters – what are they for? s Maintain air cleanliness in classrooms s Keeps the unit clean s Best investment in the system

© American Standard Inc. How often to change? s Quarterly or sooner s Tie to Energy Management System s Install pressure differential switch

© American Standard Inc. Cooling Coil s Dirt on cooling coil costs both temperature and utility costs s Texas Field Test u 87% of units need coil cleaning s Clean evaporator coil yearly

© American Standard Inc. RTU Blower s Bearing lubrication s Clean fan blades s Measure air flow

© American Standard Inc. Motors s Sealed bearings s Specify energy efficient motors u When buying new equipment u When buying replacement parts

© American Standard Inc. Casing Integrity s Many access panels can leak s Too many screws s Old gaskets and seals s Leaks in cabinet costs more than $ 100/year

© American Standard Inc. Condenser Coil s Exposed to the outdoor elements s A dirty coil raising the condenser temperature by 10 degrees can cost over $250 / year in energy. s Best money you can spend on maintenance s Clean coils yearly.

© American Standard Inc. CHW systems similar s Poor pumping losses can exceed 10% s Cooling tower- 1 degree rise = 1.5% higher costs s Tube fouling-can equate to 10% loss in efficiency s Refrigerant charge-17% loss in efficiency s Boilers-buildup can create 10% loss in efficiency

© American Standard Inc. Thank You