SAM SPENCER Server Virtualization

Agenda Introduction History Server Virtualization Software Server Virtualization Hardware Determining Server Hardware Pros and Cons of Server Virtualization Pros and Cons of Dedicated Servers Hyper-V Demo

Introduction What is Virtualization?  Virtualization is the creation of a virtual resource or device where the framework divides the resource into one or more execution environments Examples of Virtualization  Virtual drives  Virtual memory  Virtual machines  Virtual servers Why is it popular?

History 1960s Machines  Did not scale well  Extremely expensive  Cost efficiency was desired IBM-360 Operating System (1964)  Virtual Memory IBM 370 Operating System (1972)  Virtual Machines  Used in many mainframe environments

Virtualization Software Microsoft Virtual Server (2005)  Came with Microsoft Server 2003  Did not scale well with 64 bit systems  Replaced by Hyper-V Microsoft Hyper-V (2008 & 2012)  Hyper-V is short for Hypervisor  Free release with Server 2008 and 2012  Best option for Microsoft based virtualization

Hyper-V Architecture

Virtualization Software VMware (Company)  Releases most popular line of virtualization software  First company to utilize virtualization on x86 machines  Software runs on Linux, Windows, and MAC vSphere (aka ESX)  Costly  High overhead VMware Server  Free  Not as powerful as ESX

ESX Architecture

Hypervisor The Hypervisor is the piece of software that enables virtualization It allows the host machine to allocate resources to guest machines

Hypervisor Type I versus Type II Hypervisor

Virtualization Hardware CPU  At least one CPU core per virtual machine  Having free cores for high stress situations recommended RAM  No set amount for RAM  Estimate minimum amounts of RAM and upgrade based on performance

Virtualization Hardware Networking  Multiple network cards required for increased throughput  Measure peak traffic amounts  Network Virtualization

Virtualization Hardware Storage  Local storage on servers is limited  Allow for 20% extra storage space for VM files and server snapshots  Storage Networks (highly recommended)  Storage Area Network (SAN) – Large data transfers  Network Attached Storage (NAS) – File-based data storage

Determining Server Hardware Apache Jmeter  Load Testing  Stress Testing  Data Analysis Demo

Pros and Cons of Server Virtualization Pros  Cost  Less physical servers  Less server space (consolidation of servers)  Less energy costs  Less maintenance  Efficient Administration  Easier management, management through one machine  Single point of failure  Smaller IT staff

Pros and Cons of Server Virtualization Pros  Growth and Scalability  Upgrading one server upgrades them all  Easy growth  Less hardware complications  Security  Single server security maintenance  Hypervisor software often provides security benefits  Legacy Servers  Upgrading servers to a virtual setup from old systems  Goes hand-in-hand with scalability

Pros and Cons of Server Virtualization Cons  Slow Performance  High stress on single machine  Longer processing times  More network bottlenecking  Single Point of Failure  Many servers on one host machine  Hardware or software failures can be critical  Backup servers will need to be setup

Pros and Cons of Server Virtualization Cons  Cost  High initial investment  Software licensing costs  Security  All servers through one machine  Learning curve  Many different types of software  Different architecture

Pros and Cons of Dedicated Servers Pros  High Performance  All resources on server are dedicated  Can handle high stress scenarios  Multiple Points of Failure  Easier to identify problems  Only one server will fail at a time

Pros and Cons of Dedicated Servers Pros  Price  Old servers already exist  No long term investments  If it’s not broke, don’t fix it  Small Learning Curve  Dedicated servers have been around for a long time  IT staff will not need to learn any new systems if dedicated servers already exist

Pros and Cons of Dedicated Servers Cons  Price  Long term costs of dedicated servers can add up  More applications and services = more servers  Servers not being utilized  Servers may not be efficient  Even at peak, some servers may not need all resources

Pros and Cons of Dedicated Servers Cons  Lack of growth and consistency  Adding servers for more services and applications  Expanding of physical space with servers  Software patches and updates will be inconsistent  Management can be difficult and inconsistent

Demo Hyper-V setup demo  How to install hyper-v  How to set up virtual server on machine  How to manage virtual server

References Grazino, Charles. A performance analysis of Xen and KVM hypervisors for Hosting the XenWorlds Project. Diss. Iwoa State University, Print.. IBM,. "Mainframes introduction 2." IBM.com. IBM. Web. 29 Oct Kleyman, Bill. "Hypervisor 101: Understanding the Virtualization Market." datacenterknowledge.com. N.p., 01 Aug Web. 29 Oct Laverick, Mike. Server Virtualization Basics: The Benefits of Server Virtualization. Newton: TechTarget, Print. Microsoft,. "Microsoft Announces General Availability of Virtual Server 2005." microsoft.com. Microsoft, 13 Sept Web. 29 Oct < us/news/press/2004/sep04/09-13availabilityvs2005pr.asp&xgt;.

References Microsoft,. "Microsoft Hyper-V Server 2012." microsoft.com. Microsoft, n.d. Web. 29 Oct < NetSource,. "Virtualization vs. Dedicated Servers? Not Always Clear." ntsource.com. NetSource, 22 Aprl Web. 29 Oct Siebert, Eric. "Sizing server hardware for virtual machines." techtarget.com. N.p., 26 Jun Web. 29 Oct VMware. (Designer). Traditional Arch vs Virtualiztion Arch [Web Graphic]. Retrieved from VMware,. VMware ESX Server: SAN Configuration Guide Palo Alto: VMware, Inc., eBook.. Microsoft. (2012, May 31). Hyper-v network virtualization technical details. Retrieved from Apache. (Designer) (2013). Apache jmeter [Theater]. Available from