The Eighties, the Nineties, and the Twenty-first Century Chelsea Bell Southern Methodist University MSA 3325 Spring

Historical Background the 1980s 1980 Ronald Reagan elected president 1981 Lady Diana Spencer marries Prince Charles 1984 researchers identify the HIV virus and its connection to AIDS; AIDS became the leading cause of death in NYC among men ages 25 to George H.W. Bush elected president 1989 the Berlin wall falls The Eighties, the Nineties, and the Twenty-first Century

Historical Background the 1990s 1990 East and West Germany reunited 1990 Iraq invades Kuwait 1991 The Persian Gulf War; Operation Desert Storm 1991 government of the Soviet Union collapses 1992 Bill Clinton elected president; reelected in World Trade Center bombed by terrorists killing 5 and injuring more than a thousand 1995 Oklahoma City federal building bombed, killing 168 The Eighties, the Nineties, and the Twenty-first Century

Historical Background the 21 st Century 2000 George W. Bush elected president; reelected in terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center; war in Afghanistan 2002 the euro becomes the currency for most of the European Union 2003 Invasion of Iraq; capture of Saddam Hussein 2007 subprime mortgage crisis; the dollar weakens 2008 Barack Obama elected president; reelected in 2012 The Eighties, the Nineties, and the Twenty-first Century

Influences on Fashion The Goths The Eighties, the Nineties, and the Twenty- first Century

Influences on Fashion The Preppies The Eighties, the Nineties, and the Twenty- first Century

Influences on Fashion Grunge The Eighties, the Nineties, and the Twenty- first Century

Influences on Fashion Hip-Hop The Eighties, the Nineties, and the Twenty- first Century

Influences on Fashion Emo The Eighties, the Nineties, and the Twenty- first Century

The 1980s Power Dressing The Eighties, the Nineties, and the Twenty-first Century

Influential Designers Italy Giorgio ArmaniMiuccia PradaGianfranco Ferr é Dolce & Gabbana Gianni Versace Donatella Versace The Eighties, the Nineties, and the Twenty-first Century

Influential Designers France Azzedine Ala ïa Jean-Paul Gaultier Nicolas Ghesqui ère Christian Lacroix Thierry Mugler Sonia Rykiel Karl Lagerfeld The Eighties, the Nineties, and the Twenty-first Century

Influential Designers England Hussein Chalayan John GallianoStella McCartney Alexander McQueen Zandra RhodesVivienne Westwood The Eighties, the Nineties, and the Twenty-first Century

Influential Designers Belgium/Germany Martin MargielaJil Sander Dries Van Noten Ann Demeulmeester Walter van Bierendonck The Eighties, the Nineties, and the Twenty-first Century

Influential Designers Japan Rei KawakuboIssey MiyakeKenzoHanae Mori Yohji Yamamoto The Eighties, the Nineties, and the Twenty-first Century

Influential Designers United States Tom FordMarc JacobsZac Posen Isaac MizrahiMichael Kors Donna Karan The Eighties, the Nineties, and the Twenty-first Century

Fashion Conglomerates Fashion Christian Dior Fendi Donna Karan Emilio Pucci Givenchy Kenzo Berluti Moynat Louis Vuitton Marc Jacobs Loewe Céline Edun Thomas Pink LVMH Moët Hennessy  Louis Vuitton S.A. Watches and Jewelry TAG Geuer Zenith Hublot Chaumet Bulgari Perfmes and Cosmetics Acqua di Parma Benefit Cosmetics Parfums Christian Dior Guerlain Make Up for Ever Specialist Retailing Sephora DFS Le Bon Marché Wine and Spirits Moët et Chandon Krug Veuve Clicquot Mercier Château d’Yquen Hennessy Glenmarangie Belvedere Ardbeg Domaine Chandon California Ruinart The Eighties, the Nineties, and the Twenty-first Century

Fashion Conglomerates Cartier Van Cleef & Arpels Lancel Montblanc Chloé Shanghai Tang Azzedine Alaia Net A Porter Gucci Group Gucci Alexander McQueen Stella McCartney Yves Saint Laurent Bottega Veneta Balenciaga Sergio Rossi Boucheron Kering (formerly PPR) Puma Treton Prada Miu Church’s The Original Car Shoe Prada Group Chanel Eres seven ateliers who specialize in haute couture techniques: A.Michel et Cie (hats) Les Broderies Lesage (embroidery) Lemarie (feathers & flowers) Desrue (luxury buttons) Chanel S A Richemont The Eighties, the Nineties, and the Twenty-first Century

Fashion Conglomerates Victor & Rolf Maison Martin Margiela DSquared2 Victoria’s Secret Bath & Body Works PINK La Senza Henri Bendel Limited Brands Carolina Herrera Nina Ricci Paco Rabanne Puig Group Juicy Couture Kate Spade Lucky Brand Jeans Mexx DKNY Jeans Kensie Liz Claiborne Diesel Gap INC Gap Banana Republic Piperlime Old Navy Aeffe Group Alberta Ferretti Moschino Moschino Cheap and Chic Pollini The Eighties, the Nineties, and the Twenty-first Century