Thursday, September 27, 2012

Turn in homework (L39/40) Review: ALL intervals Review: Sixteenth notes Review: Dotted eighth notes NEW: Alla Breve (2/2 time) NEW: 6/8 time NEW: 3/8 time ET10 Homework: L41/L42 & L43 & L44

Perfect: Unison (unis.), 4 th, 5 th, octave (8va) Major: 2 nd, 3 rd, 6 th, 7 th Minor: 2 nd, 3 rd, 6 th, 7 th Augmented: unis., 2 nd, 3 rd, 4 th, 5 th, 6 th, 7 th, 8va Diminished: 2 nd, 3 rd, 4 th, 5 th, 6 th, 7 th, 8va

When the tonic and the upper note of an interval are from the same major scale, it is called a diatonic interval. Perfect and major intervals are always diatonic intervals in all major keys. When the tonic and the upper note of an interval are NOT from the same major scale, it is called a chromatic interval. Minor, augmented, and diminished intervals are always chromatic intervals in all major keys.

Add a flag to the stem of a quarter note and it becomes an eighth note. Add a flag to the stem of an eighth note and it becomes a sixteenth note. In 4/4 time, two sixteenth notes = 1 eighth note. In 4/4 time, four sixteenth notes = 1 quarter note. In 2/4, 3/4, & 4/4 time, a sixteenth note is worth ¼ of a beat; one beat is divided into four equal parts (“1 e & a”, etc.) Sixteenth notes can be drawn with flags attached to the stem, or with 2 beams for two or more sixteenth notes.

Remember: A dot after a note increases its length by one half of its original value. An eighth note = two sixteenth notes. A dotted eighth note = three sixteenth notes. A dotted eighth note is almost always followed by a sixteenth note. Hierarchy:  Dotted half note (3) --- usually followed by a quarter note/rest  Dotted quarter note (1½) --- usually followed by an eighth note  Dotted eighth note (¾) --- usually followed by a sixteenth note

In music, alla breve (also sometimes called cut time or cut common time) refers to a musical meter notated by the time signature symbol (a broken circle with a line through it), which is the equivalent of 2/2. Alla breve is a “simple-duple meter with a half-note pulse”. Common time is the equivalent of 4/4. In contemporary usage alla breve suggests a fairly quick tempo. Thus, it is used frequently for military marches. From about 1600 to 1900, its usage varied with regard to tempo varied, so it cannot always be taken to mean a quick tempo.

1 & uh, 2 & uh, 3 & uh, 4 & uh… Compound meter refers to any time signature or meter in which each measure is divided into three or more parts, or two uneven parts, calling for the measures to be played with primary and secondary metric accents. In Western music, the predominant form of compound meter is the division into three parts, often preferring to reduce a higher number of parts to written time signature changes, but more parts are possible. 3/8, 6/8, 9/8, 12/8, 6/4, 7/4, 7/8, 5/4, 5/8, etc. 6/8 time both simple and compound? What? “America” – West Side Story: Both 6/8 and 3/4

3/8 Time: 3 beats to a measure/eighth note gets one beat. 3/8 is often felt “in one” (1, 2, 3) [strong beat on “1”). 6/8 Time: 6 beats to a measure/eighth note gets one beats. 6/8 is often felt “in two” (1, 2, 3 – 4, 5, 6) [strong beats on “1” & “4”. Extensions: 9/8 (felt “in three”) [strong beats on “1”, “4”, & “7”]. 12/8 (felt “in four”) [strong beats on “1”, “4”, “7”, & “10”].

Both 7/4 & 7/8 can be felt/pulsed in two ways: 1 – 2, 1 – 2, 1 – 2 – 3 1 – 2 – 3, 1 – 2, 1 – 2