Andrew Jackson and his Domestic Affairs Covering the Issues

Is Andrew Jackson correct to remove the Cherokees? Cherokee Removal Is Andrew Jackson correct to remove the Cherokees? Pro – Cherokee Removal Against Cherokee Removal Monroe’s statement in the primary sources: Removal is inevitable because of events outside of the control of the President. Such as, expansion onto Cherokee land by non Native Americans. High death rate of the Cherokees Right to keep their land Successfully “Civilized”

Nullification Crisis Tariff of 1828 – viewed in the South as “the Tariff of Abominations.” Force Bill gave Jackson power to collect the tariff funds by force John C. Calhoun begins supporting the theory of Nullification. South Carolina adopts the theory. Henry Clay and John C. Calhoun develop a compromise including the Tariff of 1833 and an agreement that South Carolina will rescind their Nullification state legislation Tariff of 1832 passed by Congress  Reduces tariff rates gradually  South says it is not enough

Andrew Jackson Nullification Does Andrew Jackson sucessfully end Nullification? Yes No South Carolina was rejecting a federal tariff and Andrew Jackson found a way to resolve a federal crisis. Ends justifies the means. South Carolina did not follow the Constitution Protested illegally and partially got what they wanted

Spoils System Jackson charges the John Quincy Adams bureaucracy with fraud. Once President, Jackson removes Adams’ high ranking officials. Many offices are given out as rewards for supporting Jackson. Some are competent and some are corrupt.

Do you believe the Spoils System is a positive creation? Yes No The Spoils System is responsive to the democratic elections. People voted into office get to put people they choose into office. The people chosen to fill offices are not necessarily the most qualified. Jackson sets a precedent that rewards support rather than competence.

Maysville Road Veto The “American System” was a form of economic policies promoting economic nationalism. (Originally proposed by Hamilton.) I.E. Canals and Roads Jackson originally supports the “American System” Sectional bitterness, search for local favors and subsidies ruins Jackson’s support Jackson vetoes the Maysville Road (a road to be created to help a region)

Ending the “American System” The Maysville Road Veto The Maysville Road Veto is a positive or negative aspect of Jackson’s Presidency? Yes No Positive because Jackson limits the spending and intervention of the federal government Jackson emphasizes states rights Avoids any possible favoritism The nation benefits from internal improvements whether regional or national. Internal improvements would help unify separate regions in the country and promote a national agenda.

Bank Veto and Ending the Bank The Second National Bank – created after the war of 1812. Federal government’s banker Poor leadership and corruption nearly ends the bank in 1819. Nicholas Biddle saves the bank in the 1820s Jackson hates the bank from the beginning. Opposed to the concentration of power in the bank.

Bank Veto and Ending the Bank Jackson is convinced the bank is unconstitutional. Jackson vetoes the recharter of the bank Jackson sees the bank as supporting a class of non-producers Example of producers: farmers Example of non-producers: bankers

Removal of Deposits After vetoing the recharter, Jackson looks to cripple the bank for until the current charter ends in 1836. Has Secretary of Treasury remove funds. Removes funds from the national bank and gives them to over 20 “pet banks.” Local banks across the country chosen by Jackson. Biddle retaliates by creating a financial panic.

The Bank Veto and Removal of Deposits Do Andrew Jackson’s actions curb an institution overstepping its bounds? Is Jackson overstepping his bounds? Yes No Jackson is removing the main finance structure of the federal government. Jackson is restricting growth of the country because of a strict interpretation of the Constitution. Jackson is replacing one large powerful bank with restraints and giving that power to over 20 local banks with less restraints. Jackson ends an institution wielding excessive power. Jackson is protecting the people from a economic institution with no checks and balances

Hard Money Excessive speculation (land purchases after Indian Removal) occurs with the once the Pet Banks gain federal funds. Panic of 1837 is a result of the Pet Banks being irresponsible with the federal funds they are given. Jackson issues an executive order: Public lands must be purchased with gold or silver specie (coins). Increases inflation and devalues paper money.

Hard Money No, it sets off the Panic and it continues into the 1840s Is Andrew Jackson’s use of hard money successful at ending the financial panic of 1837? Yes No No, it sets off the Panic and it continues into the 1840s Inflation increased with paper money as a result.