Waves, Light & Quanta Tim Freegarde Web Gallery of Art; National Gallery, London.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Waves, Light & Quanta Tim Freegarde Web Gallery of Art; National Gallery, London.

Advertisements

Chapter 23:Mirrors and Lenses Flat Mirrors Homework assignment : 20,24,42,45,51  Image of a point source P P’ The reflected rays entering eyes look as.

Lenses. Transparent material is capable of causing parallel rays to either converge or diverge depending upon its shape.

1 UCT PHY1025F: Geometric Optics Physics 1025F Geometric Optics Dr. Steve Peterson OPTICS.

The Refraction of Light The speed of light is different in different materials. We define the index of refraction, n, of a material to be the ratio of.

PH 103 Dr. Cecilia Vogel Lecture 5. Review  Refraction  Total internal reflection  Dispersion  prisms and rainbows Outline  Lenses  types  focal.

26.6 Lenses. Converging Lens Focal length of a converging lens is real and considered positive.

Fig Reflection of an object (y) from a plane mirror. Lateral magnification m = y ’ / y © 2003 J. F. Becker San Jose State University Physics 52 Heat.

Imaging Science FundamentalsChester F. Carlson Center for Imaging Science The Geometric Optics of Image Formation Graphical Ray Tracing.

Physics for Scientists and Engineers II, Summer Semester Lecture 25: July 27 th 2009 Physics for Scientists and Engineers II.

Fiber Optics Defining Characteristics: Numerical Aperture Spectral Transmission Diameter.

PHY 1371Dr. Jie Zou1 Chapter 36 Image Formation (Cont.)

C F V Light In Side S > 0 Real Object Light Out Side S ’ > 0 Real Image C This Side, R > 0 S < 0 Virtual Object S ’ < 0 Virtual Image C This Side, R

Lecture 17 Ray Optics-3 Chapter 23 PHYSICS 270 Dennis Papadopoulos March 22, 2010.

Geometric Optics Ray Model assume light travels in straight line

Refraction Physics Department, New York City College of Technology.

Thin Lenses If the thickness of the lens is small compared to the object and image distances we can neglect the thickness (t) of the lens. All thin lenses.

Refraction of Light EM lesson 8.  Thicker in the center than at the edges  Have positive focal lengths  Converge parallel rays of light that pass through.

Mirrors & Lenses Chapter 23 Chapter 23 Learning Goals Understand image formation by plane or spherical mirrors Understand image formation by converging.

Convex Lens A convex lens curves outward; it has a thick center and thinner edges.

Module 1-4 Basic Geometrical Optics. Image Formation with Lenses Lenses are at the heart of many optical devices, not the least of which are cameras,

1© Manhattan Press (H.K.) Ltd. Terms used for lenses Images in lenses Images in lenses 12.2 Converging and diverging lenses Lens formula Lens formula.

Geometric Optics September 14, Areas of Optics Geometric Optics Light as a ray. Physical Optics Light as a wave. Quantum Optics Light as a particle.

Images and Optical Instruments. Definitions Real Image - Light passes through the image point. Virtual Image - Light does not pass through the image point.

 Mirrors that are formed from a section of a sphere.  Convex: The reflection takes place on the outer surface of the spherical shape  Concave: The.

Waves, Light & Quanta Tim Freegarde Web Gallery of Art; National Gallery, London.

1.What is the fundamental difference between a real image and a virtual one? 2.Parallel light rays are focused on the focal point of a concave mirror.

8. Thin lenses Thin lenses are those whose thickness is small compared to their radius of curvature. They may be either converging or diverging. 1) Types.

Mirrors & prisms MIT 2.71/ /12/01 wk2-b-1 Last time: optical elements, – Pinhole camera – Lenses Basic properties of spherical surfaces Ray tracing.

Geometric Optics This chapter covers how images form when light bounces off mirrors and refracts through lenses. There are two different kinds of images:

Images formed by lenses. Convex (converging) lenses, f>0.

Review of Basic Geometrical Optics n1 n2 s P The image P is an image of the object S if all the rays from S are refracted by the interface so that they.

In describing the propagation of light as a wave we need to understand: wavefronts: a surface passing through points of a wave that have the same phase.

PHY138 – Waves, Lecture 9 Today’s overview Lenses The Thin Lens Equation Lenses Used in Combination.

AP Physics IV.C Geometric Optics. Wave Fronts and Rays.

Thin Lens Optics Physics 11. Thin Lens Optics If we have a lens that has a small diameter when compared to the focal length, we can use geometrical optics.

Lesson 4 Define the terms principal axis, focal point, focal length and linear magnification as applied to a converging (convex) lens. Define the power.

Lenses and Imaging (Part I) Why is imaging necessary: Huygen’s principle – Spherical & parallel ray bundles, points at infinity Refraction at spherical.

Today’s agenda: Death Rays. You must know when to run from Death Rays. Refraction at Spherical Surfaces. You must be able to calculate properties of images.

1 Thin Lens Light refracts on the interface of two media, following Snell’s law of refraction: Light bends through a triangular prism: θ 1 and θ 2 are.

3.30. Image location by ray tracing Consider a real object that is placed in front of a convex lens. The location of the image can be found by considering.

Ray Diagrams Noadswood Science, 2013.

Ray Diagrams for Lenses. Convex (Converging) Lenses There are two Focal points One in Front and one Behind Focal point is ½ way between Center of Curvature.

Dispersion The spreading of light into its color components is called dispersion. When light enters a prism, the refracted ray is bent towards the normal,

Waves, Light & Quanta Tim Freegarde Web Gallery of Art; National Gallery, London.

Lenses Convex lenses converge rays of light. Parallel rays converge a fixed distance away from the lens. This is known as the focal length.

The law of reflection: The law of refraction: Image formation

PHY138 – Waves, Lecture 8 Today’s overview:

UNIVERSITY OF GUYANA FACULTY OF NATURAL SCIENCES DEPART. OF MATH, PHYS & STATS PHY 110 – PHYSICS FOR ENGINEERS LECTURE 11 (THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 10, 2011)

 A lens is a transparent object with at least one curved side that causes light to refract  Like mirrors, lenses have surfaces that are described as.

Converging Lenses Mrs. Scheitrum.

8. Thin lenses 1) Types of lenses

2/5/16Oregon State University PH 212, Class #151 Snell’s Law This change in speed when light enters a new medium means that its wavefronts will bend, as.

GEOMETRICAL OPTICS. Laws of Reflection Laws of Refraction.

Curved Mirrors. Images in Mirrors S ize, A ttitude, L ocation, T ype Size –Is the image bigger, smaller or the same size as the object? Attitude –Is the.

Geometric Optics: Mirrors and Lenses. Mirrors with convex and concave spherical surfaces. Note that θ r = θ i for each ray.

Chapter 33 Lenses and Optical Instruments The Thin Lens Equation; Magnification Example 33-2: Image formed by converging lens. What are (a) the.

How Does a Lens Work? Light travels slower in the lens material than in the air around it. This means a linear light wave will be bent by the lens due.

Thin Lenses. Two Types of Lenses Converging – Thicker in the middle than on the edges FOCAL LENGTH (+) POSITIVE Produces both real and virtual images.

Refraction & Lenses. Refraction of Light When a ray of light traveling through a transparent medium encounters a boundary leading into another transparent.

Light & Optics Chapters Electromagnetic Wave.

Thin Lenses-Intro Notes

Refraction at Spherical Surfaces.

14-2 Thin lenses.

Thin Lenses A lens is a transparent object with two refracting surfaces whose central axes coincide. The common central axis is the central axis of the.

Summary of Sign Conventions

Presentation transcript:

Waves, Light & Quanta Tim Freegarde Web Gallery of Art; National Gallery, London

2 Principles of imaging S lenses can affect only the apparent position of an observed object P rays from the focus are collimated parallel rays converge on the focus central rays are not deviated a lens is characterized by its focal length or power (dioptres)

3 Principles of imaging S REAL OBJECT S VIRTUAL OBJECT P REAL IMAGE VIRTUAL IMAGE P

4 Imaging sign conventions REAL IS POSITIVE object distance image distance lens power surface radius of curvature from object to lens from lens to image converging positive from surface to centre LENSES converging (biconvex) diverging (biconcave) f positive f negative

5 Lens system analysis RAY TRACING RULES rays from the focus are collimated parallel rays converge on the focus central rays are not deviated OBJECT AND IMAGE DISTANCES RAY TRANSFER MATRICES

6 Ray propagation follow ray through optical elements F F characterize ray by and y y z divide system into elements assume linear mapping of input to output, e.g. 12

7 Ray propagation 1 2 free space t 1 2 refraction 1 2 thin lens

8 Ray propagation matrices then if and for many elements,

9 Ray propagation matrices - II then if and for many elements,

10 Ray propagation matrices 1 2 free space t 1 2 refraction 1 2 thin lens

11 Rays of light Jan Van Eyck (c ) National Gallery of Art (c1434) Fra Angelico (c ) Museo del Prado (c1430) Carlo Crivelli (c ) Städel, Frankfurt (c1482)

12 Colour Wilton Diptych (c1395-9) National Gallery ultramarine:lapis lazuli sulphur (S 3 - ) Azzurro oltramarino si è un colore nobile, bello, perfettissimo oltre a tutti i colori; del quale non se ne potrebbe né dire né fare quello che non ne sia più. E per la sua eccellenza ne voglio parlare largo, e dimostrarti appieno come si fa. E attendici bene, però che ne porterai grande onore e utile. Ultramarine blue is a colour that is noble, beautiful, the most utterly perfect of all colours; of which one can neither say nor do anything that it would not surpass. And because of its excellence, I wish to speak of it at length, and show you in detail how to make it. And pay attention, because it will bring you great honour and usefulness. Il libro dell’arte (The Craftsman’s Handbook) Cennino D' Andrea Cennini (~1400) electronic absorption 600 nm (red)

13 Colour Methuselah (C12) Canterbury Cathedral Magi and Herod (C12-13) Canterbury Cathedral

14 The prism

15 Colour

16 Rainbows

17 Rainbows