The experience of Progress 1860per capita income £ 32 taller middle classes growing service sector money for luxuries like travel “Cook’s tours”

Consuming Victorians Is an entire chapter focused on shopping trite? consumption: economic ‘measure’ of national well-being measure of individual wellness re-negotiating social place evidence of cultural identity

A nation of shop-keepers Britain the richest country in the world London the consumption capital of the world 1. 1.revolution in quality/price of merchandise 2. 2.manner of shopping changed 3. 3.broad-based market appeal

Shopping locale brand association

Shops, bazaars, department stores Lord and May Charity ‘bazaar’ department store

Outdoor shopping always there, meanings variable Posh or not Burlington Arcade, est. 1819

Amenities: department stores become destinations themselves Selfridges, Oxford Street

Shopping and class Cording and Company (1839) real India rubber ‘boot last’ individual for each customer worn by Duke of Wellington C&J Clarke’s (1825) non-Conformist family bailed out by fellow Quakers after 1863 crash style, but primarily quality mass-produced

Contentious Urban Design: Britain Triumphant for the 19C only country to emerge relatively unscathed Nelson monument centre of Trafalgar Square surrounded by Heroes of Empire: George IV, Napier and Havelock in London, surrounded by what defines GB: art Church finance learning colonies finance people= modernity

National Gallery National Portrait Gallery St Martin’s in the Fields the Crypt

Bank of England King’s College London

celebrating colonies the people’s place

Regent Street: the meaning of space Crown land part of much broader, significant redevelopment in the 1820s Belgravia gentlemen’s clubs and homes

When is too commercial?

Competing visions a. Shopkeepers b. Architects “provincial Englishness at the very centre of the capital city” c. Commissioners of the Office of Woods and Forests

and the Crown itself Arts and Crafts movement come to be England Industrial + rural nostalgia

Shopping and gender Female shoppers:thrifty silly Allowed women public space: didn’t have to be volunteering arguably, respectable (?) so do something more ‘useful’ like collecting

Shopping coded as feminine but, men shopped too subject to influences and contributed to its economic impact Trivialized, but not trivial

1. 1. If you were a Victorian shopper, how would you have done the following in 1780: bought food, got clothing, cut your hair, got linens, acquired ‘nicknacks’? How would you have done the same in 1880? You have heard there is a new department store being planned for Regent Street. Given the material in the chapter and according to your ‘station’ in life, how will you react? It has now been built and is soon to open. How does this concern you, especially with respect to the women in your life? You are a manufacturer of a lovely new sauce for eating with roast meat. Design a newspaper advertisement to sell it, keeping in mind some of the arguments in the text. See if I am convinced to buy your wares. mustard donated for the Shackleton Expedition to the Antarctic, 1907 (est. 1819)