Sir Hans Adolf Krebs Sheffield University United Kingdom Fritz Albert Lipmann Harvard Medical School Boston, MA, USA The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.

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Sir Hans Adolf Krebs Sheffield University United Kingdom Fritz Albert Lipmann Harvard Medical School Boston, MA, USA The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1953 "for his discovery of the citric acid cycle” 1937 "for his discovery of co-enzyme A and its importance for intermediary metabolism" At the University of Freiburg (1932), Krebs discovered (with the German biochemist Kurt Henseleit) a series of chemical reactions (now known as the urea cycle) by which ammonia is converted to urea in mammalian tissue;

GLICOLISI citoplasma CH 3 -CO~CoA (acetil ~ COA) mitocondrio

Ciclo di Krebs o Ciclo degli acidi tricarbiossilici o Ciclo del citrato Via metabolica finale di - glucosio - acidi grassi - amminoacidi

ANAEROBIOSI GLUCOSIO AEROBIOSI GLUCOSIO  2 PIRUVATO  2 ACETIL-CoA 2 ATP 2 NADH 5 ATP 2 NADH 5 ATP 2 ATP 3NADH + H + 1 FADH 2 1 GTP 2 x 7,5 ATP 1,5 ATP 1 ATP 20 ATP 10 ATP TOT 32 ATP 2 LATTATO

aspartato -BIOSINTESI LIPIDI -acidi grassi - colesterolo glutammato fenilalanina tirosina Val Ile Met Ac grassi a catena dispari BIOSINTESI EME - porfirina BIOSINTESI GLUCOSIO BIOSINTESI E CATABOLISMO AMMINOACIDI BIOSINTESI UREA piruvato principale via di entrata CO 2 metab. extra epatico corpi chetonici

Controllo: rapporto mitocondriale NAD + /NADH e stato energetico della cellula 3 deidrogenasi inibite da alti livelli NADH e bassi livelli di NAD + acetil-CoA Inibita da NADH Inibita da succinil-CoA ossalacetato malato (deidrogenasi) succinil-CoA  -chetoglutarato (deidrogenasi) isocitrato (deidrogenasi) Inibita da NADH Attivata da ADP Inibita dA NADH