Petra Janoušková Gymnázium Velké Meziříčí Registrační číslo projektu: CZ.1.07/1.5.00/ Jazyk: anglický Datum vytvoření: Cílová skupina: studenti vyššího gymnázia, 16–18 let Druh učebního materiálu: studijní materiál + pracovní list Očekávaný výstup: student bude znát základní fakta o Austrálii Anotace:materiál slouží jako příprava k základní úrovni maturitní zkoušky

BASIC FACTS AND PICTURES AUSTRALIA The Commonwealth of Australia is the world's sixth-largest country by total area and comprises the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and numerous smaller islands. Neighboring countries include Indonesia, East Timor and Papua New Guinea the Solomon Islands, Vanuatu and New Zealand.

Basic Facts Capital:CanberraLargest city: Sydney National language: English Demonym: Australian, Aussie Government: Federal parliamentary constitutional monarchy Monarch: Elizabeth II Prime Minister: Julia Gillard Governor-General: Quentin Bryce Legislature: Parliament - Upper houseSenate - Lower houseHouse of Representatives Area: 7,692,024 km2 (6th)Population : 22,892,249 (2013 estimate)

Geography and political system The federation comprises six states and several territories. The population is highly urbanized and heavily concentrated in the eastern states. It is a constitutional monarchy with federal government. The head is the Queen Elizabeth II represented by the Governor- General.

History Australia was inhabited by indigenous Australians till the the late 18th century. After discovery by Dutch explorers in 1606, Australia's eastern half was claimed by James Cook for Great Britain in The British used Australia first as a penal colony (settlement used to exile prisoners ). The population grew steadily. The continent was explored and an additional five self- governing Crown Colonies were established. On 1 January 1901, the six colonies federated, forming the Commonwealth of Australia. Since then, Australia has maintained a stable liberal democratic political system that functions as a federal parliamentary democracy and constitutional monarchy. In 1914, Australia joined Britain in fighting WWI. Many Australians regard the defeat of the Australian and New Zealand Army Corps (ANZACs) at Gallipoli as the birth of their nation. Since 1951, Australia has been a formal military ally of the US, under the ANZUS treaty. The Australia Act 1986: ends any British role in the government of the Australian States.

Aboriginals Indigenous Australians were mostly hunter-gatherers, with a complex oral culture and spiritual values based on a belief in the Dreamtime. It is estimated that before the European settlement began the indigenous population had been between 750,000 and 1,000,000 that declined mainly due to infectious diseases such as measles, smallpox and tuberculosis. A government policy of "assimilation" beginning with the Aboriginal Protection Act 1869 resulted in the removal of many Aboriginal children from their families and communities—often referred to as the Stolen Generations. Today there are about 400, 000 aboriginals speaking less than 200 languages.

Cities 1Sydney New South Wales 4,605,992 2MelbourneVictoria4,169,103 3Brisbane Queensla nd 2,146,577 4Perth Western Australia 1,832,114 5Adelaide South Australia 1,262,940

Australia is famous for: Celebrities and bands and artists: AC/DC, Olivia Newton-John, Kylie Minogue, Rolf Harris, Russell Crowe, Nicole Kidman, Mel Gibson, Dame Edna Everage, The Seekers, Crocodile Dundee, Snowy River, Gypsy & the Cat, Empire of the Sun, the Bee Gees, Frank Ifield, Geoffery Rush, Cate Blanchett, Heath Ledger, Animals: dingo, kangaroo, koala, platypus, emus, deadly snakes, crocodiles, rays Sports: Australian Football, swimming, Australian Open, Melbourne Cup, Grand Prix, Donald Bradman, Rod Laver, Margaret Court, John Newcombe, Greg Norman, winning the America's Cup, youngest girl to sail solo around the world, yachting, top surfers, and top cricket, netball, hockey and rugby sides Landmarks: Sydney Harbour Bridge, the Opera House, Ayers Rock/Uluru, Great Barrier Reef, the Melbourne Zoo, The Outback, open spaces generally, the Twelve Apostles Cultural: Australian Aborigine, its multitude of cultures Discovery: gold discoveries in mid-1800's, motor lawn Mower, Foods: Vegemite, Meat Pies, lamingtons, apples, bananas, and pineapple

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Citace Všechny uveřejněné odkazy [cit ]. Dostupné pod licencí Public Domain na WWW: wiki/File:Elizabeth_II_greets_NASA_GSFC_employees Quentin_Bryce_after_an_interview_with_Sky_News_Australia_01.jpg Všechny uveřejněné odkazy [cit ]. Dostupné pod licencí Creative Commons, BY na WWW: Snímek 2 Addicted04, Snímek 3 Nick-D, Snímek 4 Martyman, Snímek 5 HappyWaldo, Lencer, Snímek 6 Anakus, Mombas, Thomas Shoch, Snímek 7 Mfield, Dani DF1995, Snímek 9 Diliff, Toby hudson, Leptictidium, Fir002, Pracovní list Free download,