虚拟语气 The Subjunctive Mood

虚拟语气（ The Subjunctive Mood ） 表示说话人说的不是事实，而是一 种假设，愿望，怀疑或推测。 If there were no subjunctive mood, English would be much easier to learn. What is The Subjunctive Mood? (P86)

Let’s learn together. 一.If 条件句中虚拟语气

如果现在不下雨的话, 我们就出去野餐了。 If it were not raining now, we would go for a picnic. 如果懂英语, 他就不会向我求助了。 If he knew English, he wouldn’t ask me for help.

要是当初她被邀请的话, 她就会去参加 这次聚会了。 She would have gone to the party if she had been invited. 今天早上, 妈妈要是不叫我的话, 我就会 睡过头了。 If mum hadn't called me, I would have overslept this morning.

要是我有足够的钱，我就买一辆新车。 If I had enough money,I would buy a new car. 要是失败了, 我会再试一次。 If it should fail, I would try again. 明年我要是考上大学, 我就学法语专业。 If I were to be admitted to universities next year, I would major in French.

时间 谓语动词的虚拟形式 从句主句 现在动词过去式 （ be 多用 were ） would / should / could / might + 动词原形 过去 had + 过去分词 would / should / could / might + have + 过去分词 将来 动词过去式或 should / were to + 动词原形 would / should / could / might + 动词原形

如果我是 Obama, 我不会对伊拉克（ Iraq ) 宣战。

如果他们昨晚没打麻将（ mahjong ），他们就 不会这么累。

要是我被给予一次免费环球旅游，我首先 要去夏威夷（ Hawaii ）.

◆ 在省略 if 的条件状语从句的虚拟语气中的 ， 提 前. If you had come a few minutes earlier, you would have seen him. Had you come a few minutes earlier, If it should rain tomorrow, we will not do out. Should it rain tomorrow, If it were to rain tomorrow, we will not go out. Were it to rain tomorrow, were, should, had 倒装

1.The rice ______ if you had been more careful. A. would not be burning B. would not burn A. would not be burning B. would not burn C. would not have burnt D. would not burnt C. would not have burnt D. would not burnt 2.If my lawyer ____ here last Saturday, he ______ me from going. A. had been ; would have prevented A. had been ; would have prevented B. had been ; would prevent B. had been ; would prevent C. were ; would prevent C. were ; would prevent D. were ; would have prevented D. were ; would have prevented 3.I didn’t see your sister at the meeting. If she ______ she would have met my brother. A. has come B. did come C. came D. had come A. has come B. did come C. came D. had come 4.______ for the free tickets, I would not have gone to the films so often. A. If it is not B. Were it not A. If it is not B. Were it not C. Had it not been D. If they have not C. Had it not been D. If they have not 5.You didn’t let me drive. If we ______ in turn, you ______ so tired. A. drove ; didn’t get B. drove ; wouldn’t get A. drove ; didn’t get B. drove ; wouldn’t get C. were driving ; wouldn’t get D. had driven ; wouldn’t have got C. were driving ; wouldn’t get D. had driven ; wouldn’t have got

6.If she had worked harder, she ______. A. would succeed B. had succeeded A. would succeed B. had succeeded C. should succeed D. would have succeed C. should succeed D. would have succeed 7. — If he ______, he ______ that food. — Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately. — Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately. A. was warned ; would not take A. was warned ; would not take B. had been warned ; would not have taken B. had been warned ; would not have taken C. would be warned ; had not taken C. would be warned ; had not taken D. would have been warned ; had not taken D. would have been warned ; had not taken 8.If it ______ tomorrow, they would not go there by bike. A. will rain B. rains C. would rain D. should rain A. will rain B. rains C. would rain D. should rain 9.______ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge. A. Were B. Should C. Would D. Will A. Were B. Should C. Would D. Will 10.If I ______ you, I would not do it. A. am B. were C. shall be D. being A. am B. were C. shall be D. being

1 David is not a sculptor. If he (be)a sculptor, he (make) a sculpture for the exhibition. 2 We don’t know her address. If we (know) it, we (send) her a big bunch of flowers. 3 If she (study) harder, she (get) the diploma. 4 If you (come) earlier,you (miss) the exciting scene in the movie. 5 If he (be) here tomorrow, we (have) dumplings. 6 If she (arrive) early this afternoon, we (have) a cup of tea. 7 If it (rain) tomorrow, they (stay) at home.

I think the painting is called Mona Lisa, painted by Leonardo da Vinci. It is an oil painting. The painting represents a beautiful woman looking at us. When I see it carefully, I think if I had been born at that time, I would have paid a visit to her.

1.The painting is called…, painted by… 2. It is an /a … painting. 3.The painting represents… 4.When I see it carefully, I think if ( 必须用 if 条件句中的虚拟语气 )

Vase with Twelve Sunflowers an oil painting Van Gogh