Benzoic acid is used for foods while benzoin resin is used in cosmetics, lotions and soaps Acetylsalicylic acid Acetic acid +water.

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Presentation transcript:

Benzoic acid is used for foods while benzoin resin is used in cosmetics, lotions and soaps Acetylsalicylic acid Acetic acid +water

Carboxylic acids Aliphatic carboxylic acids Formic acid pungent true liqid mobily Acetic acid colorless vinegar Tartaric acid solid crystalline Citric acid yellowish white odorless

Aromatic carboxylic acids

Ignition test

Acid base test Acidity test: Na 2 CO 3 solution(conc) + acid → warm → effervescent Strong effervescent that means acid. Weak effervescent that means acidic. Conc. Hcl test: when substance soluble in 10% NaOH that means acid.if add HcL in same test tube → reprecipted again

Conc. HCLAcidity testL.PH2Oacids Reppt.effervescent Change blue to red MiscibleFormic Acetic Change blue to red solubletartaric citric Not done Insoluble in H2O,dil HCL but soluble in 10%NaOH benzoic phthalic salicylic All strong acid

Preliminary test Soda lime test: Formic and acetic acid: not done for solid only. Tartaric and citric acid: burnt sugar odor on hot. Benzoic and phthalic acid: benzene odor on hot. Salicylic acid: phenolic odor on hot.

General test

Differentiation tests Acetic acidFormic acid - Turbidity or whit ppt. (Hg2CL2) HgCL2: HgCL2+acid (wait 5 min) - Disappear violet color, form brown ppt. (manganus oxide Alkaline Kmno4: acid + Na2CO3 sol. +KMNO4 Fruity or ripe apple odor - Esterfication : ethOH +acid + Conc. H2SO4 heat then pour it onto H2O

Citric acidTartaric acid Eff. And yellow stainEff. And charringConc. H2SO4: (hot) Discoloration of violet color anf form white ppt. -Denges: acid+ H2O+ denges reagent boiling (without cooling) + KMNO4 Phthalic acidBenzoic acid Unstable pink color-Phthaline test: Phenol+ acid +Conc. H2SO4 heat then pour it onto 10% NaOH Reddish brown color give green flourescence if dilute it with water -Flourescence; Acid + resercinol+ Conc. H2SO4 heat then pour it onto 10% NaOH

Salicylic acid Esterfication: methanol+ saliucylic acid+ Conc H2SO4heat then pour it onto 10 ml of H2O → vicks odor of winter green oil due to methyl salicylate formation. Formaldehyde: Formaldehyde+ salicylic acid + Conc. H2SO4 → crimson red color on the wall. Phthaline test: Salicylic acid + phthalic unhydride +Conc. H2SO4 heat then pour it onto 10 ml of 10% NaOH → unstable pink color

IR location COOH stretching band at 1710 cm-1