Chondrichthyes Cartilaginous Fish. Characteristics Endoskeleton entirely cartilaginousEndoskeleton entirely cartilaginous Fusiform BodyFusiform Body Mouth.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Advertisements

Class Chondrichthyes 1 Sharks, Skates, Rays and Chimeras.

Cartilaginous Fishes Cartilaginous fishes (Chondrichthyes) have a skeleton made not of bone, but of cartilage, which is lighter and more flexible than.

Unit 11 Marine Vertebrates

JAWS Teeth are modified scales Teeth are modified scales Bottom jaw is like a fork for grabbing and holding prey Bottom jaw is like a fork for grabbing.

Class Chondrichthyes aka Cartilaginous fishes sharks and rays sharks and rays.

Dogfish Dissection Squalus acanthias.

Chondrichthyes Hailey & Collin. A. Kingdom - Animalia, Phylum - Chordata, Subphylum - Vertebrata, Infraphylum - Gnathostomata, Class - Chondrichthyes.

Fish Live in salt, brackish and freshwater Cold Blooded – body temp matches surroundings.

Sharks Shy Ocean Creatures?.

Organization of Life Phylogenetic relationship of animals.

Section 2 Jawless and Cartilaginous Fish

Chondrichthyes. Hydrodynamics  Body shape  Sharks typically have an elongate fusiform body (rounded and tapering at both ends). This body shape reduces.

Phylum Chordata, subphylum Vertebrata Share the 4 chordate characters with lancelets and sea squirts Backbone, vertebral column, spine –Series of hollow.

Marine Vertebrates: Fishes (part 2). Fishes  Phylum Chordata  Subphylum Vertebrata  3 Classes:  Class Agnatha (jawless fishes)  Class Chondrichthyes.

I. I.Fishes – Overview B. B.Chondrichthyes (Cartilaginous fishes) 1. 1.Sharks Fusiform body Heterocercal tail Typically two dorsal fins Pectoral fins usually.

Chordates and Vertebrates. Chordates  The notochord is an elongate, rod- like, skeletal structure dorsal to the gut tube and ventral to the nerve cord.

Marine Fishes Chapter 8. Vertebrates Share characteristics with protochordates (invert chordates) –Single, hollow nerve cord –Pharyngeal slits –Notochord.

Marine Fishes Read Chapter 9 Pages Chordates  All chordates have (at least during some period of their life) –Dorsal nerve cord –Gill slits.

MARINE FISHES THE FIRST VERTEBRATES.

Cartilaginous Fishes Objectives: 1. know the characteristics of the jawless fishes 2. compare and contrast between reproductive.

Fishes What is a chordate? At some point in life, they have: –Notocord –Dorsal hollow nerve cord –Post-anal tail –Pharyngeal slits At some point in life,

Chondrichthyes.

Marine Fishes Phylum Chordata Subphylum Vertebrata.

Class Chondricthyes chimaeras, sharks, rays The cartilaginous fishes Most primitive living vertebrates that have: –complete vertebra –movable jaws –paired.

Jawless and Cartilaginous Fishes. Jawless Fish The only existing Jawless fish are hagfishes and lamprey Jawless fish’s skin has neither plates nor scales.

Chordates. A chordate is an animal that has, for at least some stage of its life, a dorsal, hollow nerve cord; a notochord; pharyngeal pouches; and a.

FISH Osteichthy Bony fish 20,000 species Big →Little species All aquatic habitats Cold blooded Scales and mucus Gills Chondrichthy Cartilage fish 1,000.

Cartilaginous fishes Class Chondrichthyes.

Barbels – Atlantic Sturgeon

JAWS Teeth are modified scales Teeth are modified scales Bottom jaw is like a fork for grabbing and holding prey Bottom jaw is like a fork for grabbing.

Fish or Fishes? Multiple individuals of one species are fish. Multiple individuals of more than one species are fishes.

BrainPOP | Fish. Marine Fishes Structurally simplest of all living vertebrates Probably evolved from sea squirt larvae About 24,000 species known (most.

Sharks, skates, rays shark rayskate shark species Streamlined body Cartilaginous skeleton Oil in Liver Must swim continuously Sharks.

I. Jawless Fish: -there are 2 types -both are parasites Unit 8 The Fishes.

Chondrichthyes The Cartilage Fish p

ChondrichthyesChondrichthyes By: Krissie & Elisabeth Rays Skates - Lack venomous spines.

Marine Fishes Marine Fishes Marine Biology Unit #4.

Chapter 16 Fishes. 2 Fish  Fish/fishes  Characteristics: –gill breathing –ectothermic –aquatic –fins –scales on epidermis –larger the fish, faster it.

Phylum Chordata Subphylum Vertebrata Classes of FISH.

CHONDRICHTHYES. COMPARING FISH TO FISH  OSTEICHTHYES  CHONDRICHTHYES  BONY  SINGLE GILL OPENING  SINGLE ROW OF TEETH  SCALES  SWIM BLADDER 

The dark markings in the shark embryo pictured above indicate gene expression in the electro-sensory organs in the animal's head. University of Florida.

Please take notes!. Phylum Chordata Contains ALL fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals Contains ALL fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and.

Class Chondricthyes Sharks, Skates, Rays, Rat Fishes.

Ιχθυολογία.

Class: Chondrichthyes - Sharks and Rays

Marine Bio Fish Unit Notes.

Chondrichthyes Cartilaginous Fish.

CLASS CHONDRICHTHYES.

Shark Notes: Class Chondrichthyes

Class Chondricthyes Sharks, Skates, Rays, Rat Fishes.

Phylum Chordata Fish.

Chordates and Vertebrates

Class Agnatha 80 species of hagfishes and lampreys

Superclass Agnatha "Jawless Fish".

Chordates and Vertebrates

Class Chondrichthyes Sharks, Skates, and Rays Rippling Water (Basic)

General Vertebrates and Fish

Phylum Chordata A.K.A. Chordates.

Gnathostomes Shark dissection.

Chondrichthyes.

Class Chondrichthyes “Cartilage Fish”.

Fishes Notes Part 2 Cartilaginous Fish vs Bony Fish

Which is a skate, which is a sting ray?

Presentation transcript:

Chondrichthyes Cartilaginous Fish

Characteristics Endoskeleton entirely cartilaginousEndoskeleton entirely cartilaginous Fusiform BodyFusiform Body Mouth VentralMouth Ventral Skin with placoid scalesSkin with placoid scales 2 chambered heart2 chambered heart Separate exposed gill slitsSeparate exposed gill slits No operculumNo operculum Heterocercal tailHeterocercal tail Internal reproduction (claspers & cloaca)Internal reproduction (claspers & cloaca)

Fusiform body Torpedo shapeTorpedo shape Sharks have countershading (Dark on top & light on the bottom)Sharks have countershading (Dark on top & light on the bottom)

Placoid Scales These scales point towards the tail and helps to reduce friction from surrounding water when the shark swims

Shark Anatomy

Shark Senses smell hearing lateral line organ vision ampullae of Lorenzini touch and taste

How a Shark Eats

Two chambered heart

Gill Slits

Lack operculum

Heterocercal vs Homocercal Sharks have heterocercal caudal fins with the vertebrae extending into the superior region of the caudal finSharks have heterocercal caudal fins with the vertebrae extending into the superior region of the caudal fin

Shark Reproduction Male claspers are inserted into female cloaca for internal fertilizationMale claspers are inserted into female cloaca for internal fertilization Ovoviviparous 90%Ovoviviparous 90% Viviparous (Great whites)Viviparous (Great whites) OviparousOviparous

Female Reproductive Anatomy

Male Reproductive Anatomy

Chondrichthyes Reproduction oviparous (laying eggs that hatch outside the mother's body)oviparous (laying eggs that hatch outside the mother's body) ovoviviparous (brooding eggs that hatch within the mother's body, and then releasing the young)ovoviviparous (brooding eggs that hatch within the mother's body, and then releasing the young) viviparous (young develop within a uterus inside the mother's body, and are nourished prior to birth via a connection with the mother's bloodstream (placenta).viviparous (young develop within a uterus inside the mother's body, and are nourished prior to birth via a connection with the mother's bloodstream (placenta).

Cat Shark Egg Oviparous Dogfish Shark embryos Ovoviviparous Porbeagle embryo viviparous

Characteristics con’t No swimbladder or lungNo swimbladder or lung 2 olfactory lobes2 olfactory lobes 2 cerebral hemispheres2 cerebral hemispheres 2 optic lobes2 optic lobes 1 cerebellum1 cerebellum 1 medulla oblongata1 medulla oblongata 3 pairs of semicircular canals3 pairs of semicircular canals Ampullary organs of LorenziniAmpullary organs of Lorenzini

Swimbladder Sharks lack a swimbladder Oil in the liver is used to change buoyancy

Tapetum lucidum Reflects light in the eye

Lateral Line System

Whale Shark Worlds largest fish (46 ft long)

Not many fossils GuitarfishGuitarfish (One of the few chondricthyes fossils)

Elasmobranchii Includes the familiar sharks, skates, and rays, as well as some strange fossil relatives.Includes the familiar sharks, skates, and rays, as well as some strange fossil relatives. Elasmobranchs have an upper jaw that is not fused to the braincase and separate slit-like gill openings. Elasmobranchs have an upper jaw that is not fused to the braincase and separate slit-like gill openings.

Rays & Skates

Rays and Skates, unlike sharks, are not fusiform, but dorsoventrally flattened.Rays and Skates, unlike sharks, are not fusiform, but dorsoventrally flattened. Gill slits open on the ventral surface of the headGill slits open on the ventral surface of the head Spiracles on the top of the head direct water over the gills, to prevent sludge from clogging these delicate structuresSpiracles on the top of the head direct water over the gills, to prevent sludge from clogging these delicate structures They feed primarily on mollusks and crustaceans, and so have teeth modified for crushing.They feed primarily on mollusks and crustaceans, and so have teeth modified for crushing.

Skates vs Rays The major difference between skates and rays is the way in which they reproduce.The major difference between skates and rays is the way in which they reproduce. Rays are viviparous (live bearing)Rays are viviparous (live bearing) Skates are oviparous (egg laying), releasing their eggs in rectangular cases sometimes called "mermaid´s purses".Skates are oviparous (egg laying), releasing their eggs in rectangular cases sometimes called "mermaid´s purses".

Mermaid purse

Bradyodonti Includes forms with an upper jaw fused to the braincase and a flap of skin, the operculum, covering the gill slits.Includes forms with an upper jaw fused to the braincase and a flap of skin, the operculum, covering the gill slits. The Bradyodonti includes the chimaeras and ratfish, which are relatively rare, deep-water, mollusc-eating forms.The Bradyodonti includes the chimaeras and ratfish, which are relatively rare, deep-water, mollusc-eating forms.

Chimaera

Ratfish