Otomatisasi Electronics (control) system (ee-29) oleh A. Tossin Alamsyah OBJEKTIF : Mengenal berbagai sistem kontrol elektronik dlm,di industri dan mampu merencanakan sistem kontrol sederhana MATERI :  Sensor / Transducers ( Temp, Pressure, flow, position,speed)  Signal conditioning,  Actuator ( Electric, pneumatic, hydraulic )  Industrial Control Review.  Electronics Controller ( Analog & digital controller),  System Controller ; Proportional (P), Integral (I), Differential (D), PID,  Digital Control Interface ; ADC dan DAC  Programmable Logic Control (PLC),  Data communications,  Distribution Computer System (DCS)  Practice

Industrial Control electronics (bag. 1 ) Overview Industrial control system. Process Control & instrumentation,  Process Control,  Analog Processing,  Digital Processing,  Supervisory Digital Control,  Direct Digital Control,  Programmable Logic Control, Controller  Control Modes, On-off Control, Proportional, Proportional – Integral, Proportional – Integral - Derivative  Analog Control,  Digital Control,  Fuzy Control, Interfacing & power devices,  Power Interface,  ADC dan DAC

1.1 Industrial Control overview Industrial Control classification, Element Control, Feedback Control, Dynamic response, Feed forward Control.

1.1.a. Industrial Control Classification Motion and Process Control,  Process Control i.e industrial process manufacturing (batch or continues types, variables temperature,pressure,flow rate, liquid /solid level, pH, Humidity etc)  Motion Control i.e an automatic control system that’s controls the physical motion or position of an object, (servos / servomechanisms (robotics system ),characteritics position, speed, accelerations deceleration etc) Open Loop System Control, (without feedback element) Closed Loop System Control,  (with feedback elemen) Element of Open/ Closed Loop System,

Batch Processing

Continuous process

Open and Close loop system

1.1.b. Blok diagram Closed Loop system +_+_ ControllerActuator Manufacturing Process Measurement Devices Feedback Signal Manipulated Variable Controlled Variable Disturbance Measured Variable Energy of Fuel Error detector (comparator ) Error Signal Controller Output Signal Set Point Process Variable

1.1.b Element Control  Controlled Variable  Measured Variable  Measurement Devices  Feedback Signal  Set Point  Error Detector  Error Signal  Controller  Actuator  Manipulated Variable  Manufacturing Process  Disturbance

Element control (cont.)  Controlled Variable adalah variabel actual yang dimonitor dan di “maintain”, seperti Temperature, pressure, flow rate, level dll.  Measured Variable adalah status dari controlled variable yang dimonitor seperti tekanan di dasar tanki dll.  Measurement devices adalah “mata” dari system yi Sensor/Tranducer, yang menunjukkan status dr controlled variable.  Feedback Signal adalah output dari Sensor/Tranducer ( Voltage, Current, Frekuensi ).  Set Point,  Error Detector ( Signal Set point – Signal Feedback)  Controller, (brain the system,) ( analog, digital, fuzzy, programmable, PID, dll)  Actuator (Muscle the system) disebut juga final control element atau final correcting device. Seperti Motor DC, AC, Stepper, servo pneumatics, hydraulic cylinders, pumps.  Manipulated Variable, mengubah actuator effect yang dapat mengubah kondisi controlled variable  Manufacturing Process,  Disturbance adalah factor yang dapat mem[rngaruhi manufacturing process.

Practical Feedback Application Closed loop Temperature control system

Close Loop Control. Actuator PROCESS UNDER CONTROL Sensor Signal conditioner Transmission Controller Power Interface Transmission Energy Input Set Point Actual Output

ELECTRONICS CONTROL  Sifat : open loop dan closed loop,  Metode : Analog, Digital, Fuzzy,  Mode : on-off control, Propotional, Integral, Derivative Control dan PID Control.  Pengontrol Analog, sifat nya real time dan tidak dapat diprogram, berbasis komponen elktronika analog Op-amp, SCR, Triac,  Pengontrol Digital : sifatnya real time dan dapat diprogram, contol PLC, SCADA, DCS, mode on-off, berbasai komponen elektronika digital Mikroprocessor, Mikrokontroller.  Pengontrol FUZZY, real time, dapat diprogram, mode PID, berbasis microprocessor / mikrikontroller 

Process Control & instrumentation Process Control, Dynamic Variable : Temperature, Pressure, Flow rate, Level, Light Intensity and humidity ============= > Controlled Variable Objective : Set up the dynamic Variable Value.

Elements of process - control Process  Fluid, tank, fluid inlet, and outlet, Measurement :  Information on the Variable,  Transduction, ==  (transducer)  Signal conditioning, Evaluation  To examine the measurement and  determine what action,  should be taken =  controller Control Element.

Block Diagram Set Point Controller Control Element Process Measurement E=Sp-Pv Process Variable =Pv

Block Diagram

Dynamic Response Evaluation Criteria Settling time Peak error Residual error Cycling (Oscillation) Minimum area

Analog processing A process temperature to be controlled Thermistor sensor T~R~V Temperature is reprensented by a proportional electrical signal Electrical signal is an analog of the temperature

Digital Processing Analog and Digital Converter, Signal Transmission,  Serial transmission,  Parallel transmission, Sensor ADC Kontroller ADC Sensor DAC Dn = 8 bit Dn = Vi / Vref. * (255) Dn = 8 bit An An = Vref [ d1/2+d2/4+d3/8+d4/16+d5/32+d6/64+d6/128+d8/256]