Chapter 15: Politics Copyright © Allyn & Bacon Sociology: A Down-to-Earth Approach 7/e James M. Henslin Chapter Fifteen: Politics James M. Henslin Chapter Fifteen: Politics This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are prohibited by law: any public performance or display, including transmission of any image over a network; preparation of any derivative work, including the extraction, in whole or in part, of any images; any rental, lease, or lending of the program.

Chapter 15: Politics Copyright © Allyn & Bacon “Power relations wherever they exist, including those in your own life.” What is Politics?

Chapter 15: Politics Copyright © Allyn & Bacon   Micropolitics   Exercise of Power in Everyday Life   Macropolitics   Exercise of Power Over a Large Group Micro and Macro Politics

Chapter 15: Politics Copyright © Allyn & Bacon   Authority is Legitimate Power   Illegitimate Power is Coercion   Authority and Legitimate Violence   Governments Have Exclusive Rights to Violence   The Collapse of Authority   Revolution Power, Authority, and Violence

Chapter 15: Politics Copyright © Allyn & Bacon   Traditional Authority   Authority Based on Custom   Rational-Legal Authority   Authority Based on Written Rules   Charismatic Authority   Authority Freely and Graciously Given   Threat Posed by Charismatic Leaders Power, Authority, and Violence

Chapter 15: Politics Copyright © Allyn & Bacon   Authority as an Ideal Type   Traditional, Rational-Legal, Charismatic   Not Ideal or Desirable Necessarily   Transfer of Authority   Orderly from One Leader to Another Power, Authority, and Violence

Chapter 15: Politics Copyright © Allyn & Bacon   Monarchies   Democracies   Direct   Representative   Dictatorships and Oligarchies   Totalitarianism Types of Governments

Chapter 15: Politics Copyright © Allyn & Bacon   Political Parties and Elections   Democrats, Republicans, and Third Parties   Primaries and Elections   Centrism and Extremes U.S. Political System

Chapter 15: Politics Copyright © Allyn & Bacon   Elections are Not Winner-Take-All   Based on System of Proportional Representation   Encourages Non-Centrist Parties   Coalition Governments Democratic Systems in Europe

Chapter 15: Politics Copyright © Allyn & Bacon   Non-Hispanic Whites Most Likely to Vote   African-Americans Next Most Likely   Latinos Least Likely to Vote Voting Patterns

Chapter 15: Politics Copyright © Allyn & Bacon   Social Integration   Alienation and Apathy   Gender and Racial-Ethnic Gap in Voting Voting Patterns

Chapter 15: Politics Copyright © Allyn & Bacon   Special Interest Groups are People Who Think Alike on a Particular Issue and Mobilize for Political Action   Lobbyists are People Paid to Influence Legislation Lobbyists and Special Interests

Chapter 15: Politics Copyright © Allyn & Bacon   Elections are Expensive   Senate Campaign about $5,000,000   House Campaign about $800,000   PACs Contribute and are Owed   PAC Money Buys Votes PACs in U.S. Elections

Chapter 15: Politics Copyright © Allyn & Bacon   Functionalist Perspective: Pluralism   Diffusion of Power Among Many   Checks and Balances Who Rules the U.S.?

Chapter 15: Politics Copyright © Allyn & Bacon   Conflict Perspective: The Power Elite   Ruling Class   Top Business, Political, and Military Leaders   Not a Secret Group, Just Similar Backgrounds and Orientations Who Rules the U.S.?

Chapter 15: Politics Copyright © Allyn & Bacon   Is War Universal?   Human Aggression and Killing, Yes   War, No   How Common is War?   Humans Long for Peace but Glorify War   War is Very Common and Frequent War and Terrorism

Chapter 15: Politics Copyright © Allyn & Bacon   Why do Nations go to War?   Revenge   Power   Prestige   Unity War and Terrorism  Positions  Ethnicity  Beliefs

Chapter 15: Politics Copyright © Allyn & Bacon   Cost of War   Toll in Lives   Toll in Dollars   Sowing Seeds for Future Wars War and Terrorism

Chapter 15: Politics Copyright © Allyn & Bacon   Increased Emotional Distance from Others   Emphasis on Following Procedure   Inability to Resist Pressures   Diminished Sense of Personal Responsibility War and Dehumanization

Chapter 15: Politics Copyright © Allyn & Bacon   Globalization of Capitalism   Worldwide Flow of Information, Goods, and Capital   Economic and Political Units that Transcend National Boundaries New World Order?