ABSOLUTISM & THE ENLIGHTENMENT UNIT 5 Chapter 21 – Absolute Monarchs in Europe Chapter 22 – Enlightenment & Revolution ABSOLUTISM & THE ENLIGHTENMENT

CORE OBJECTIVE: Examine the development of absolute monarchies and the Enlightenment in Europe from 1500-1800. Objective 6.1: Explain the development of absolute monarchy in Spain & France Objective 6.2: Describe the influences that created conflicts such as the Thirty Years’ and Seven Years’ Wars. Objective 6.3: Explain how Russian rulers built a strong Russian state. Objective 6.4: Identify the conflicts between English rulers and Parliament. Objective 6.5: Describe circumstances that led to the Scientific Revolution & the important discoveries that were made. Objective 6.6: Describe the ideas, thinkers, and legacy of the Enlightenment. Objective 6.7: Explain how Enlightenment ideas spread throughout Europe. THEME:

French King Louis XIV with plans for Versailles. CHAPTER 21 Absolute Monarchs in Europe, 1500–1800 Several countries in Europe come under the control of absolute monarchs, and Parliament challenges the monarch's authority in Great Britain. SECTION 1 Spain’s Empire and European Absolutism The Reign of Louis XIV SECTION 2 SECTION 3 Central European Monarchs Clash SECTION 4 Absolute Rulers of Russia SECTION 5 These are my notes for slide 2 Parliament Limits the English Monarchy French King Louis XIV with plans for Versailles.

THE REIGN OF LOUIS XIV CHAPTER 21 SECTION 2 After a century of war and riots, France was ruled by Louis XIV, the most powerful monarch of his time

FRENCH RELIGIOUS WARS Henry of Navarre Henry ascends to French throne in 1589 and adopts Catholicism Catholics and Huguenots (protestants) fought religious wars against one another Henry of Navarre issues Edict of Nantes — a declaration of religious toleration towards protestants After Henry’s death his son Louis XIII rules France; weak ruler Louis XIII and Cardinal Richelieu Cardinal Richelieu —Louis XIII’s minister who rules France Increases power of the Bourbons by limiting Huguenots’ freedom Also weakens power of the nobility

LOUIS XIV A New French Ruler Louis XIV — the most powerful ruler in French history Louis, the Boy King Hatred of Mazarin—young Louis’s minister—leads to riots Louis Weakens the Nobles’ Authority Louis takes control in 1661 Appoints intendants — government agents — to collect taxes Economic Growth Jean Baptiste Colbert — finance minister — helps economy grow In 1685, Louis cancels Edict of Nantes; Huguenots flee France

THE SUN KING Louis Controls the Nobility A Life of Luxury Louis lives very well, with every meal a feast Louis Controls the Nobility Louis keeps nobles at palace to increase his power over them Builds magnificent palace at Versailles Patronage of the Arts Versailles is a center of arts during reign of Louis XIV Purpose of the arts is to glorify Louis

COSTLY FRENCH WARS Attempts to Expand France’s Boundaries Louis fights wars in 1660s, 1670s to expand France In 1680s, many countries unite against him in League of Augsburg France is weakened by poor harvests, warfare, high taxes War of the Spanish Succession War of the Spanish Succession begins in 1701 Attempts to prevent union of the French and Spanish thrones Ends in 1714; France and Spain lose some possessions

LOUIS’S LEGACY Louis’s Death and Legacy Louis dies leaving mixed legacy Rule makes France a major military and cultural power in Europe His wars and palace leave France with heavy debts BIOGRAPHY https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W5Njjd6R6d0