The Urinary System By some angry students named Nicole Bailey and Kelsey Kelly
What is the urinary system? The urinary system includes the organs, tubes, muscles, and nerves that together work to generate, collect, and carry urine. The urinary system includes: two kidneys, two ureters, the bladder, two sphincter muscles, and the urethra.
How does the urinary system work? After your body has taken what it needs from the food, waste products are left behind in the blood and in the bowel. Urea is the waste product produced in the body that is carried in the bloodstream to the kidneys. The urinary system removes urea from your blood. It does this through tiny filtering units called nephrons. Every nephron is made of a ball formed of tiny blood capillaries, named a glomerulus, and a small tube named a renal tubule. Urea, together with other waste substances, creates the urine as it goes through the nephrons and down the renal tubules of the kidney. From the kidneys, urine travels down two thin tubes called ureters to the bladder. The bladder stores urine until you are ready to go to the bathroom to empty it.It swells into a round shape when it is full and gets smaller when empty. If the urinary system is healthy, the bladder can hold up to 16 ounces (2 cups) of urine comfortably for 2 to 5 hours.
What causes problems in the urinary system? The most common cause of an infection is from the bacteria Escherichia coli. The muscles in the ureters, bladder, and uretha weaken over time. If urine is allowed to stand still, or back up, a kidney infection can develop A decrease in strength of muscles of the sphincters and the pelvis can also cause incontinence, the unwanted leakage of urine. Problems can be caused by injury, illness, and aging. Some other problems are caused by changes in the kidneys’ structure which causes it not filter the blood and remove wastes as well. The muscles in the ureters, bladder, and uretha weaken over time.
Who can help me with a urinary problem? Urogynecologist- is a gynecologist who specializes in female urinary system Nephrologist- specialize in treating diseases of the kidney Primary doctor can help with some problems Pediatrician can help treat children urinary problems Urologist- specialize in problems of the urinary system and the male reproductive system Gynecologist- specialize in female reproductive system
How are problems in the urinary system detected? They can be detected in many different ways, such as threw Blood Pressure Measurement, Microalbuminuria and Proteinuria, Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR), Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN), Conventional radiology or x-rays, Ultrasounds, MRIs, and CT scan. Your doctor will look at several factors to decide what imaging technique to use. Each has advantages and disadvantages.
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