HIV and AIDS.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Immune System.
Advertisements

L-3 Understanding STDs.
D7 - Antivirals. D.7.1 State how viruses differ from bacteria.
HIV/AIDS 101.
1 st step: Attachment = Same 2 nd Step: Entry = Same.
SPONGE #3 Why might a person with a compromised immune system be unable to fight off a disease?
31.6 Diseases that Weaken the Immune System When the immune system is weakened, the body cannot fight off disease.
Leukemia is characterized by abnormal white blood cells.
HIV/AIDS.
Lesson 3 HIV/AIDS.
HIV and AIDS How can you protect yourself from HIV infection?
Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
HIV/AIDS.
HIV & AIDS Human Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV) HIV is the virus that causes AIDS. HIV circulates in the bloodstream and in other body fluids, such as.
Do Now: What is the role of Helper T Cells in the immune response?
D7 - Antivirals Differences between bacteria and viruses How does antiviral drugs work? The AIDS problem.
How is HIV contracted? High risk activities: –1) Sex (oral, vaginal, anal) –2) Sharing needles (tattoos, piercings, drugs) Low risk activities: –3)
Infectious Diseases What causes them, and How do we stay healthy?
Chapter 21 Preview Bellringer Key Ideas What Are HIV and AIDS?
HIV is the virus that causes AIDS, a disease that weakens the body’s immune system and may have fatal consequences.
HIV, AIDS, AND HEPATITIS Outcome 7.2: Examine blood-borne pathogen information/ education, including HIV and Hepatitis C.
HIV/AIDS Education. There are currently 33.2 million HIV-infected people in the world. There are currently 33.2 million HIV-infected people in the world.
Module 2: Activities A, C, D.  Watch the video “ Let’s Talk about Sex” by Salt-n-Pepa.  Dated video but contains important information  What were some.
Immune System The immune system is a complex system of cells, tissues, chemicals, and organs. Its mission is to protect against foreign organisms and.
Viruses & Bacteria Chapter 19. I. Viruses Q: Is a virus living or nonliving? Viruses HAVE: DNA or RNA Reproduce (only in living cells)
Immune System The cells and tissues that recognize and attack foreign substances in the body.
The Immune System Bryce Tappan. Function of the Immune System The purpose of the immune system is to protect an organism from external dangers such as.
HIV/AIDS Isabelle Récaborde Dr. Frigon Chemistry SL – Block F Option - Medicine and Drugs.
THE IMMUNE SYSTEM What happens when we get sick? Why do we get better?
* The function of the immune system is to defend the body against organisms and substances that invade body systems and cause disease.
 Human Immunodeficiency Virus -  AIDS  There are some drugs that can keep it at HIV  Some people never get AIDS because of drugs nowadays  Disease.
HIV and AIDS Are HIV and AIDS the same thing?. HIV HIV – Human Immunodeficiency Virus HIV – Human Immunodeficiency Virus A pathogen (virus) that destroys.
Warm-up 5/20: Why are the white blood cells called T-cell & B-cells? Which cells are involved in the cell mediated specific immune response? Which cells.
Senior Health Mr. Weigel
“ Be Human. Value Life.” HIV/AIDS. What is HIV? Human Immunodeficiency Virus Retrovirus- known for long incubation periods, prolonged illness The HIV.
Learning About HIV and AIDS
Lesson 3 HIV/AIDS. What is HIV/AIDS?  Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)- virus that attacks the immune system  Once it enters the body, it finds a.
HIV/AIDS Acronym Terminology. Human The virus requires a human host to reproduce. The virus requires a human host to reproduce. (There is also a SIV which.
AIM: How does the Immune System work?
Do Now: List and describes the immune response Primarily involve White Blood Cells (WBC’s). Phagocytes: a. Phagocytes: engulf or ingest foreign invaders.
Immune System Immune System protects organisms from disease T-Cells are a type of white blood cell that are used by the immune system to fight pathogens.
HIV/AIDS Acronym Terminology. Human The virus requires a human host to reproduce. The virus requires a human host to reproduce. (There is also a SIV which.
The Immune System Dr. Timmel. What is disease? Any change, other than an injury, that disrupts the normal functions of the body. Any change, other than.
Chapter 25 Lesson HIV & AIDs.
School: Shrimati Indira Gandhi SSS, Mauritius Age group: Form 4, yrs Subject: Art and Design.
Chapter 47 Section 3 pp HIV AND AIDS. VACCINES  Vaccines artificially produce acquired immunity  Vaccine- substance that contains antigen.
Subtitle Ch. 31 Notes: Immune System and Disease.
The Immune System Dr. Timmel. What is the function of the immune system? To fight infection through the production of cells that inactivate foreign substances.
Lymphatic System Lymphatic system: network of lymphatic vessels and organs Returns tissue fluid to the circulatory system Fights infections.
Virus.
Immune system the system in the body that works to ward off infection and disease.
Viruses. Bacteriophage: Virus that infect a bacteria Protein coat that surrounds the RNA or DNA Contains DNA or RNA.
Notes: Chapter 39 (page ) – Immunity from Disease.
31.6 Diseases that Weaken the Immune System Goal/Objective Explain why individuals with weakened immune systems cannot fight off minor infections Describe.
HIV. Learning Objectives Outline the structure of HIV Discuss the means of transmission and how the spread can be controlled.
Lesson Overview Lesson Overview Immune System Disorders Lesson Overview 35.4 Immune System Disorders.
THE IMMUNE SYSTEM The function of the immune system is to fight infection through the production of cells that fight off foreign substances.
BY PHOEBE NABONGO. By the end of the session participants should know:  What HIV/AIDS is  How HIV affects the human body  The of Modes of transmission.
HIV and AIDS. HIV – human immunodeficiency virus attacks specific cells of the immune system disabling the body’s defenses against other pathogens. AIDS.
HIV/AIDS.
Immune System.
HIV and AIDS.
TEKS 4.C Students will… Compare the structure of viruses to cells, describe viral reproduction, and describe.
Leukemia is characterized by abnormal white blood cells.
The Microscopic menace
Disease: Bacteria and Viruses.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Guarding against disease
Presentation transcript:

HIV and AIDS

Standard 10 e . Students know why an individual with a compromised immune system (for example, a person with AIDS) may be unable to fight off and survive infections by microorganisms that are usually benign.

What are Retroviruses Have RNA not DNA Infected cells , DNA copy of RNA to insert into the Host Cell’s DNA Lays dormant for long time HIV is a retrovirus Harder to stop because can undergo more mutations. 10

Basic facts about HIV/AIDS HIV is the virus that causes AIDS HIV/AIDS is treatable, but not curable Approximately 30,000 people in LA are living with HIV You can’t tell by looking if a person is living with HIV, the only way to know is by taking an HIV antibody test. 9

HIV attacks the body’s immune system The immune system recognizes and attacks pathogens and antigens HIV attacks and destroys T-cells HIV replicates itself and attacks more T-cells to weaken the immune system so that it no longer functions Compromised immune system – weakened Do: Explain how the immune system works and how HIV attacks the immune system. Be sure to mention that HIV effects every cell and organ in the body, but that it uses white blood cells to replicate itself. Transition to the next slide. 8

Blood Semen Breast Milk Vaginal Fluids The 4 Fluids These are the four fluids that transmit HIV. The key to protecting yourself from infection is to avoid these four bodily fluids. Do: Clarify that semen includes “pre-cum” and the ejaculation. Even if it does not come up, please point out that no other fluids transmit HIV. 7

Transmitting HIV HIV is transmitted when one or more of the four fluids is transferred from one person to another. The most common ways HIV is transmitted is by: Unprotected oral, anal, or vaginal sex Sharing needles Breastfeeding from infected mother to baby 6

What is HIV and AIDS all about? Caused by HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) Compromises your immune system Kills white blood cells (Helpers T-Cells) and can lead to AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) HIV contains 2 copies of RNA that penetrate a cell and hide for long time periods. In the infected cell, RNA is used to synthesize viral DNA. 5

How do you ensure you will never catch HIV? 4 Do: Explain what abstinence means. Point out that sex always carries risks and that condoms can only reduce the risks. ACTIVITY: Divide the group into small groups and have them brainstorm and create a list of activities that a couple could do together that would not put them at risk for HIV. Hints: The list could include things like cuddling, holding hands, phone sex, etc. Goal: To allow participants to think about fun activities they could do with their partner that would not put them at risk for HIV. This list provides participants with real alternatives when they are presented with a risky situation in the future. Abstaining from sex means not participating in sex at all. Abstinence is the only way to ensure that you will never contract HIV. Condoms reduce the risk for HIV, but they do not eliminate the risks altogether.

How HIV causes AIDS HIV invades immune system cells especially helper T cells. These helper T cells have a vital role in the immune system. When a helper T cell is activated (by having an antigen presented to it, it begins to divide into memory T cells and effector T cells. 3

Memory T cells Memory T cells do not fight against the virus. Instead they are long-lived and can generate an immune response quickly if the same foreign protein is encountered again. 2

Why is HIV hard to treat? Viral disguise Virus mutates and changing the proteins on its outer surface These new surface proteins are not recognized by the immune system’s memory cells. Mutant virus particles with new surface proteins survive immune system attacks and begin a new round of infection 1

Why is HIV hard to treat? Viral disguise Each round of infection reduces numbers of helper T cells because they are infected and destroyed. Each lineage of T cells has a limited ability to replicate, after a finite number of rounds of replication the body’s supply of helper T cells becomes exhausted. The immune system eventually is overwhelmed and collapses.

White Board questions follow.

What is the difference between HIV and AIDS? A HIV is a virus that affects the immune system; AIDS describes a deficient immune system. B HIV is a virus that affects the immune system; AIDS is a bacterium that affects the immune system. C HIV is a virus that affects the immune system; AIDS is a virus that affects the whole body. D HIV is a disease that can be cured; AIDS is a disease that has no known cure.

Tuberculosis, meningitis, and hepatitis C are all diseases that are more common in people with HIV or AIDS.  This is most likely because healthy people without HIV or AIDS __________. A can better fight off disease causing agents B are not able to contract these diseases C have a compromised immune system D have been vaccinated against such diseases

How does the HIV virus cripple the immune system? A . destroys T–cells B. increases T–cells C. destroys H–cells D. increases B–cells

When macrophages and helper T cells start producing particles of HIV, __________. the person will be immune to AIDS B the virus is spreading C helper T cells are being destroyed D Both B and C

A person that cannot fight off and survive infections by microorganisms that are usually harmless is said to have which of the following? A a healthy immune system B an increase in the amount of antibodies in the body C an increase in the amount of macrophages in the body D a compromised immune system

A person with an immune system compromised by a virus is unable to fight off infections because __________. A cells are not able to stop multiplying B cells stop producing antigens C killer T–cells destroy healthy body cells D helper T–cells are being destroyed by the virus

Which of the following systems does HIV destroy? A circulatory B skeletal C nervous D immune