Front shovel, back hoe and loader

Group member: Lam Wai Kei Hui Tan La

Why do we have to know the differences between them? Because Different equipments cope with different conditions and tasks Time and effort(efficiency) needed to do tasks will be affected it is used to perform repetitive work Capacity(e.g. bucket = 1.0 yd 3) and Cycle (e.g. 60 secs/ bucket)

Comparison among 3 machines (wheel type) Function Appearance Operation method There are many sizes and power of the three machine. In general speaking, the main aspects for us to concern is the bucket capacity, rotation ability and up and down ability with similar size

Main Function Excavation and loading

Hoe very versatile: dig trench, place pipe, backfill with same hoe excellent digging power excellent accuracy for depth control excellent for loading trucks productivity approaches power shovel output when digging at moderate depths

Function Back Hoe excavate the earth at a lower level

Functional differences between back hoe and front shovel Back hoe: Excavate or dig materials below its standing level Front shovel Dig or ditch material from ground and up to above

Front shovel(pull hoe) After digging, the front shovel is loading surplus onto a truck

Loader The loader is removing surplus off site

Function of loader used for digging, scooping, lifting, carrying & dumping used for backfilling, spreading & compacting

Function (summary) Front shovelBackhoeLoader Dig above the ground level (e.g. soil and loose rock) Haul Load Dig below ground (for trench and basement) Haul Load Combine with front shovel and bulldozer (for dig slightly below ground level) Haul Load

Appearance Length (mm) 5,621 Width (mm) ~1000 Height (mm) 2,553 Front shovel / hoe The working radius is about 20 ft.

Appearance (Cont) Bucket width74 in1870mm Full Length150 in3810mm Full Width74 in1870mm Full Height60 in1520mm Loader

Appearance (summary) The working radius of shove is larger The loader is wider

Operation method (When dig, load, haul and dump) Front shovelBackhoeLoader Position the bucket Swing about its center pin Do not required to travel when moving the bucket from loading to dump position Similar to front shovel But, when hauling, it need to move up to ground level first It must be operated and traveled with loader

Operation method (Cont) (When dig, load, haul and dump) Front shovel Position the bucket Swing about its center pin Do not required to travel when moving the bucket from loading to dump position

Operation method (Cont) (When dig, load, haul and dump) Backhoe Similar to front shovel But, when hauling, it need to move up to ground level first

Operation method (Cont) (When dig, load, haul and dump) Loader It must be operated and traveled with loader

Comparison among 3 machines (wheel type) Back hoeFront shovelloader Bucket capacity (largest),yd Rotation, degree ~ Up and down ability High with long boom Low with short boom Operating Weight (lb) 97,

Comparison among 3 machines (wheel type) The long boom of hoe can allow it the dig the soil more flexible and deeper Since the main function of loader is loading material, it will carry much more material than hoes do. For the tipping problem, the boom of loader cannot be too long

Difficulties in a restricted area The site is: small and limited(e.g. in the centre of a traffic road) Sloppy(e.g. on a hill side) Many obstacles(e.g. construction material, other equipments)

Which equipment is suitable for the site? If we need to dig the sides of the site,just like It is better to use a front shovel It depends on the site condition.

Which equipment is suitable for the site? Reason: More efficient to use as Back Hoe need to rise its arms first before operation, power will be wasted to uplift the arms

Which equipment is suitable for the site? If materials below operation needed to be excavated out, back hoe is more suitable to be used.

Which equipment is suitable for the site? For digging earth, we seldom use loader to carry out, since its bulky size and the limitation on rotation

Which equipment is suitable for the site? How about using loader to transport surplus or material on site?

Which equipment is suitable for the site? It is clear that the cap of loader cannot rotate. (up and down only) On a restricted site, it is impossible to use it to transport material on site as there is no enough space for the to return and move

Which equipment is suitable for the site? The boom of the hoe can be moved, at about 45 o, even in a limited space they can rotate more flexible than loader

Summary In a restricted area, Back hoe and front shovel are more efficient to undergo digging Small truck is then used to remove the surplus off site

Reference McKay, John Kenneth. "Building construction, Volume 4 " 4th ed. Harlow, Essex : Longman Scientific & Technical, Seeley, Ivor H. "Advanced building measurement" 2nd ed. London : Macmillan, Hardie, Glenn M. "Building construction : principles, practices, and materials"Englewood Cliffs, N.J. : Prentice Hall, c1995.

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