Soum Sanogo Department of Entomology, Plant Pathology, and Weed Science, New Mexico State University Aerobiology of Southern New Mexico

 Diverse sources: Agricultural and non- agricultural environments.  Winds: Major vehicle for transport from sources to other environments Fungi (molds) in the Air

 Outdoors and Indoors While you are taking this quiz, you are probably inhaling fungal spores. Which of the following are least likely to be in the air now in the room? A. Conidia B. Sporangiospores C. Zoospores D. Asexual spores E. All of the above F. None of the above  Concern: load in the air Fungi (molds) in the Air

1)High-volume dust collectors 2)Exposure of petri plates containing growth media outdoors 3)Volumetric air samplers (single-stage and 6- stage Andersen samplers) 4)Rain water collection 5)Sticky tapes mounted on glass slides Sampling Methods

Dry deposition (impaction) using volumetric sampler Wet deposition with rain gauge Courtesy DuBois

Sampling Methods Single-stage sampler

Sampling Methods 6-stage sampler

Single-stage sampler Courtesy DuBois

Sampling Methods Passive deposition

1)Processing of dust samples impacted upon solid agar media and rainwater samples 2)Identification of fungal microorganisms recovered from dust and rainwater samples Sampling Methods

Standard Operating Protocol for Fungal Analysis

Sampling locations Las Cruces Palomas Cd. Juarez, Mexico New Mexico Mexico Arizona

1)Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations (CAFOs) 2)Non-CAFOs Sampling locations

Aspergillus Aspergillosis

Alternaria/ Penicillium/ Fusarium/ Cladosporium Mold allergies

Trichoderma/ Rhizopus / Mucor Mold allergies

Aureobasidium Allergies/Asthma

Predominant Fungi in Rainwater

 Fungi  Pollen Other Biological Particulates in Air