U.S. IOOS contributions to monitoring water quality including nutrients and harmful algal blooms. Ru Morrison, Josie Quintrell, Rebecca Baltes, Gabrielle Canonico-Hyde, Mario Tamburri

A tool that enables the Nation to track, predict, manage and adapt to changes in our marine environment and delivers critical information to decision makers to… US Integrated Ocean Observing System (IOOS) Improve safetyEnhance our economy Protect our environment

Education Global Component: Global Ocean Observing System Regional Component: 11 Regional Associations National Component: Composed of 17 U.S. Federal Agencies US Integrated Ocean Observing System (IOOS)

IOOS National User Needs Synthesis 4 Coastal, beach and nearshore hazards Marine Operations Water Quality Ecosystems and Fisheries Long term trends

Water Quality 5

Performance Verifications/Demonstrations  DO Sensors (2004) - Aanderaa (optode), Greenspan (galvanic cell), In-Situ (optode), YSI (Clark cell)  Chl-a Fluorometers (2005) - bbe Moldaenke, Chelsea (2), Hydrolab, Turner (2), WET Labs, YSI  Turbidity Sensors (2006) - Aquatec, In-Situ, McVan, WET Labs, YSI  Nutrient Analyzers (2007) - American EcoTech, Satlantic, WET Labs, YSI  C-T Sensors for In Situ Salinity (2008) - Aanderaa, Campbell, Falmouth, Greenspan, In-Situ, RBR, Rockland, YSI  pCO 2 Analyzers (2009/2010) - Contros, NOAA/PMEL (Battelle), Pro-Oceanus, Sunburst, YSI  Hydrocarbon Sensors (2011) - Aquatec, Chelsea (3), Hach, S:can, Turner Designs, and WET Labs  pH Sensors (2012/2013) - Aanderaa, Campbell, Idronaut, In-Situ, Satlantic, Sunburst, YSI

 Transitioning into operations Nutrients Performance Demonstrations Mario Tamburri,

Data source: N. N. Rabalais, Louisiana Universities Marine Consortium, and R. E. Turner, Louisiana State University Funding from: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Center for Sponsored Coastal Ocean Research Bottom-Water Hypoxia (< 2mg/L) July, ,500 km 2, 7900 mi 2

Data source: N.N. Rabalais, Louisiana Universities Marine Consortium, R.E. Turner, Louisiana State University Funded by: NOAA, Center for Sponsored Coastal Ocean Research Area of Mid-Summer Bottom Water Hypoxia (Dissolved Oxygen < 2.0 mg/L) Square miles n.d.

Data source: N. Rabalais, LUMCON Dissolved Oxygen at 20 m, Station C6C Wind mixing events Different responses at bottom June 2012 Dissolved oxygen (mg l -1 )

Imaging FlowCytobot (IFCB) Original design New design As deployed at UTMSI 9/2007-3/2012 Vandalism damage A new IFCB has been built and was deployed at UTMSI in August 2012 The new design is smaller and lighter and more robust Deployed “in the can” in pier lab for improved stability. a continuous, automated phytoplankton imaging system Dr. Lisa Campbell, Texas A&M University

Early detection of HABs with IFCB IFCB has provided early warning of 6 HAB events: no illnesses reported –Dinophysis ovum in 2008, 2010, 2011, 2012 –Karenia brevis in 2009 and 2011 Campbell Lab has implemented automated downloading, processing, and classification Early warning notifications* are sent to TPWD and DSHS within 4 h of sampling if cell counts > 2/mL *not manually verified Dinophysis ovum Karenia brevis Sample message sent in 2011 Ann Jochens

Drinking Water Quality: Huron Erie Corridor Waterways Forecast System (HECWFS) Goal: Reduce health risks and costs associated with pollutant spills in the Lake Huron to Lake Erie Corridor Major Elements: Link 2d model for corridor to NOAA Great Lakes Forecasting System Generate 3d public domain model Use 3d model to support water intake risk assessment work Kelli Page and Jenn Read, GLOS

SCCOOS and CeNCOOS Involvement with the 2012 Orange County Sanitation District (OCSD) Diversion

Previous/Ongoing SCCOOS Water Quality Projects City of Los Angeles Hyperion Ocean Outfall Diversion 2. Tijuana River Plume Tracking 3. Case Study: Areas of Special Biological Significance (ASBS) Danielle Williams and Julie Thomas, SCOOS

Supporting Beach Swimming Advisory Decision Making Issue:Exposure to beach swimming waters with elevated bacterial levels is a public health concern and one of economic vitality. Goal:Develop and implement scientifically-justified, decision-support tools for accurate and defensible preemptive advisory issuance decisions. Process: 1.) Data integration and fusion 2.) Ensemble model developmen t Who is doing it: A partnership among beach managers, tourism interests, public health officials and the general public including… 3.) Model validation 4.) Operational support tool

Current activities - Beach advisory modeling Dwayne Porter,

18 Gulf of Maine / Scituate Harbor - Extratropical Domain Salinity maps for coastal ROMS, NOAA GOM, NRL IASNFS and NRL/FSU HCOM Gulf, /~mma/sura/anims_ models.php Improving Collaboration Improving Data Model Development Supporting Operations Biogeochemical operating equations transitioned to FVCOM community modeling group in CSDL Shelf Hypoxia Transitioning information to federal agencies Model Comparison Conducting sensitivity experiments New, single term hypoxia model Estuarine Hypoxia U.S.IOOS Coastal Ocean Modeling Testbed,

Helping develop nutrient criteria 19 NERACOOS Buoy Observations in the Great Bay Estuary, NH part of the strategy to develop nutrient criteria based on protecting eelgrass habitat Provided important information on water clarity Autonomous nutrient measurements Nutrient monitoring an important part of new municipal waste treatment compliance

Acknowledgements Thanks to: –Josie Quintrell, Gabrielle Canonico-Hyde, Mario Tamburri, Becky Baltes, –Nancy Rabalais, Dwayne Porter, Kelli Page, Jenn Read, Ann Jochens –And everyone else from the IOOS Regions, Program Office, and Association who did all the real work!