Comparison/Contrast Essay Introduction A Writer’s Checklist Choosing a subject Identifying points of comparison Gathering and organizing support Writing a main idea statement Arranging details A Writer’s Model Your Turn: Write a comparison-contrast essay

Introduction Think about some of the ways you and a friend or family member are alike. You might have similar physical features, share the same taste in movies, or enjoy playing basketball together.

Introduction Chances are that you and this person will also have important differences. For instance, your friend is an early riser, but you love to sleep in on a Saturday. Discovering how two things are alike and different is comparing and contrasting.

A Writer’s Checklist When you write a comparison-contrast essay, you should:  Choose subjects that have basic similarities and differences.  Identify points of comparison about which you can write.  Gather supporting details and organize information in preparation for writing.  Write a main idea statement for your essay and arrange details using the block or point-by-point styles.

I. Choosing a subject You can compare and contrast any two things that have at least a little something in common. For instance, you could compare: a new car and a work truck a famous actress and a star athlete a country singer and a rapper

Choosing a subject When you choose your subjects for a comparison and contrast essay, you should select two things that not only have basic similarities, but also differences. For example, how are a television game show and a comedy both alike and different? A game show and a comedy are both shown on television for entertainment. While a comedy tells a story with fictional characters, a game show features real contestants competing for prizes.

Choosing a subject You must also choose specific subjects that are narrow enough to compare in an essay. To narrow your subjects: Write down a broad category that you know well. For example, “winter sports.” Ask yourself, “Can I break this category into smaller groups?” For example, snowboarding, skiing, ice skating, ice hockey, and so on. If so, choose two of these specific groups to discuss in an essay. These will be your narrowed subjects. For example, you could compare and contrast snowboarding and skiing.

Choosing a subject Ryan started with broad categories which he then narrowed until he had two subjects to compare. Baseball Musical instruments Sports Cars BroadNarrowerSpecific Team sports Individual sports Hockey Soccer Basketball Football

II.Identifying points of comparison Begin planning your essay by asking yourself: The larger areas of similarity and difference will help clarify the points of comparison that you can use to organize your essay. How are my two subjects alike? How are they different?

Identifying points of comparison A point of comparison allows two subjects to be reasonably compared and contrasted. For instance, a point of comparison between clarinets and trumpets could be the their appearance... or their sound.

Writing Tip: Identifying points of comparison Some subjects have no clear points of comparison. For example, it would be difficult to find reasonable similarities and differences between running a marathon and riding a roller coaster.

Identifying points of comparison Baseball and Soccer: Possible Points of Comparison - objective of the sport - history of the sport - rules and how to play the sport Think of two or three points of comparison for your subjects and choose the ones you know the most about. I know about: the objectives of baseball and soccer and how to play them Points of comparison: objectives of baseball and soccer; how to play baseball and soccer

III.Gathering and organizing support The cornerstone of a good comparison-contrast essay is the details. List as many details as you can think of for each point of comparison. Make sure that each detail relates directly to your point of comparison. Details for: Objective of the sport soccer: teams of 11 players trying to score more goals than other team baseball: teams of 9 players trying to score more runs than other team

Gathering and organizing support A Venn diagram can help you organize your essay. A Venn diagram features two circles that represent your subjects. The overlapping section holds details the subjects have in common; the non-overlapping sections hold details that make the subjects different. Subject 1 Subject 2 Both

Gathering and organizing support Here is an example of a Venn diagram used to compare and contrast soccer and baseball. Baseball use hands to throw and catch the ball also use hands to hit ball with a bat slower pace with short bursts of activity teams take turns fielding and batting, called innings use feet, legs, and head to move the ball only goalkeeper can use hands active sport with a lot of running play until game clock runs out Soccer Both large teams try to outscore the other team players occupy various positions on the field

IV. Writing a main idea statement Ever watched a television program and thought, “Why am I watching this?” Maybe the show didn’t have any clear point or message. In a comparison-contrast essay, you get to the point by writing a main idea statement, or thesis. This summarizes the main idea of your entire essay.

Writing a main idea statement The main idea statement of your essay, which you can usually write in one or two sentences, provides your readers with several pieces of key information: 1.the subjects you are comparing and contrasting 2.the purpose of your essay 3. your points of comparison

Writing a main idea statement Here is how Ryan crafted a main idea statement for his essay: Subjects: soccer and baseball Purpose: helping readers choose a sport to play Point of Comparison: objectives of the sports and rules/how to play the sports Main Idea Statement: Both of these sports offer an enjoyable, exciting team activity. However, the rules and style of play for these sports are very different.

Arranging details Now you can begin to craft the body of your essay. Organize your writing using the block style. In the block style, you present all of your information about one subject and then all of your information about the other subject. points of comparison about first subject points of comparison about second subject

Arranging details The example below shows how Ryan’s ideas look when organized using the block style: Subject 1: Soccer - objective of soccer - rules of/how to play soccer Subject 2: Baseball - objective of baseball - rules of/how to play baseball Main Idea Statement: Both of these sports offer an enjoyable, exciting team activity. However, the rules and style of play for these sports are very different.

Test Tip: Using graphic organizers When preparing to answer a comparison- contrast question on a test, you may find it helpful to use a graphic organizer to organize your ideas for your response. In addition to the Venn diagram shown in this lesson, you can use a simple charts, outline, or concept map to organize details. Using tools such as these will help you write your response more quickly and clearly.

A Writer’s Checklist Use the checklist below as you look at the following Writer’s Model and as you evaluate your own comparison-contrast essay.  Choose subjects that have basic similarities and differences.  Identify points of comparison about which you can write.  Gather supporting details and organize information in preparation for writing.  Write a main idea statement for your essay and arrange details using the block or point-by-point styles.

attention- grabbing opener main idea statement Participating in a team sport is a great way to exercise and make friends. You can also learn valuable lessons about cooperation and teamwork through these activities. You will find many different sports to choose from when looking to join a team. I would suggest considering soccer or baseball. Both of these sports offer an enjoyable, exciting team activity. However, the rules and styles of play for these sports are very different.

first subject: soccer point of comparison: rules and how to play Soccer is a sport that features two teams of eleven players each. These players occupy a variety of positions on the field of play. The object of the sport is to score more points, or goals, than the opposing team. In soccer, players must use their feet, legs, and heads to move the ball towards the goal. Only goalkeepers can use their hands and arms in the field of play. Soccer is a very active sport, in which players constantly run up and down the field until the game clock runs out. point of comparison: objective of soccer

Like soccer, baseball also features two large teams of players in various positions. The object of this sport is also to score more points, or runs, than the opposing team. Where soccer players primarily use their feet, baseball players use their hands to throw and catch the ball, as well as to hit the ball with a bat. The action in baseball games has a slower pace, occurring in short bursts of activity. Baseball teams also take turns playing in the field and batting during a game. These are called innings. second subject: baseball point of comparison: rules and how to play point of comparison: objective of baseball

summary of similarities summary of differences Soccer and baseball are both excellent choices if you are seeking a team sport in which you can take part. They both offer exciting competition and friendship with a large group of teammates. You might choose soccer if you are looking for a very active sport in which you will run a great deal while trying to score goals. Baseball might be a good choice if you are looking for a more relaxed, yet varied sport. With either choice, you are very likely to have fun! strong closing sentence

Assignment will be made in class. Your Turn: Write a comparison- contrast essay

The End