By: Cory Overmyer ATTR 543: Teaching and Research Practicum

 Concussion signs and symptoms (Killiam, Cautin, Santucci 2005)  Assessment tools (Covassin, Elbin, Stiller-Ostrowski 2009) (Ferrara, McCrea, Peterson 2001)  Environmental conditions (Onate, Beck, Van Lunen 2007)  Brain development – High School (Gessel, Fields, Collins 2007)

 Examine which concussion test is the most reliable in high school varsity baseball players on the sideline testing environment

 Which test among the SAC and the K-D concussion tests is the most reliable among high school varsity baseball athletes?  Which test is most reliable on the sideline?

 There will be no significant difference between the SAC and K-D test on sideline  When comparing the same test on the sideline and controlled environment there will be a significant difference

 Limitation  Unpredictability of sideline environments  Delimitation/Participant  No concussion past 12 months  High school Varsity Baseball players

 Informed Consent and Assent  Demographic Questionnaire  Standardized Assessment of Concussion (SAC)  King Devick Test (K-D)

 Institutional Review Board  Approval from High Schools  Informed Consent and Assent  Demographic Questionnaire  Assign number to participants  Administer SAC and K-D test in quiet environment  Administer SAC and K-D test in dugout  Input data in password protected computer

 Non-Parametric Wilcoxin T-test

 45 returned forms  17 total participants: 15 completed study  Mean score for SAC: 28/30  Mean score for KD control:  Mean score for KD sideline:

 Wilcoxin Signed Ranked Test:  SAC  6 received lower scores  6 received higher scores  3 remained same  KD  13 lower scores  2 higher scores

 Wilcoxin T-Test  SAC sideline vs. SAC control  P = 1.0  KD sideline vs. KD control  P =.003  Values normalized  SAC vs. KD  P =.910

 No significant difference  Learning curve for both tests  Signs and symptoms of concussions and environments will change scores

 Accepted Hypothesis  There will be no significant difference between the SAC and KD tests on the sideline  When comparing the KD test on the sideline and controlled environment there will be a significant difference  Refuted Hypothesis  When comparing the SAC test on the sideline and controlled environment there will be a significant difference