Nursery/ Landscape Disorders Eddie McKie

APHIDS Small (up to ¼”) soft- bodied insects. Small (up to ¼”) soft- bodied insects. The characteristic feature that distinguishes aphids from other insects are the “tail pipes” (called cornicles) which extend from the rear of their abdomen. The characteristic feature that distinguishes aphids from other insects are the “tail pipes” (called cornicles) which extend from the rear of their abdomen.

Bagworm Any of several moths of the family Psychidae, which construct fibrous cases of silk spun together with leaves, twigs, or grass. The plant- feeding larvae and wingless adult females live in these cases. Any of several moths of the family Psychidae, which construct fibrous cases of silk spun together with leaves, twigs, or grass. The plant- feeding larvae and wingless adult females live in these cases.

Borer Type of caterpillar that goes inside the plant (usually between cambium and bark or inside the pith of some stems) and feeds. Can and often does cause death of plant. Type of caterpillar that goes inside the plant (usually between cambium and bark or inside the pith of some stems) and feeds. Can and often does cause death of plant.

Grub Thick, soft insect larvae (usually a beetle larvae) Thick, soft insect larvae (usually a beetle larvae)

LEAF MINER Insect larvae that feed inside a leaf, between the upper and lower surfaces. Insect larvae that feed inside a leaf, between the upper and lower surfaces.

MEALY BUG Mealybugs derive their name from the white, waxy, mealy secretions that cover their bodies. Mealybugs derive their name from the white, waxy, mealy secretions that cover their bodies.

POWDERY MILDEW Infected plants will display white powder- like spots on the leaves and stems. Infected plants will display white powder- like spots on the leaves and stems. The fungus is favored by periods of high relative humidity or site conditions that promote a more humid environment The fungus is favored by periods of high relative humidity or site conditions that promote a more humid environment

SCALE Either soft scales or armored scales Either soft scales or armored scales Covered with waxy shell for most of their life which protects them from predators or insecticides Covered with waxy shell for most of their life which protects them from predators or insecticides

SLUG Slugs are gastropod mollusks without shells or with very small internal shells, in contrast to snails. Slugs are gastropod mollusks without shells or with very small internal shells, in contrast to snails.gastropod molluskssnailsgastropod molluskssnails

SPIDER MITE To the naked eye, spider mites look like tiny moving dots To the naked eye, spider mites look like tiny moving dots Adults have eight legs and an oval body, with two red eyespots near the head end of the body. Adults have eight legs and an oval body, with two red eyespots near the head end of the body.

WHITEFLY Adults are less than 1/8” long and, like their name suggests, have white wings with pale yellow bodies. Adults are less than 1/8” long and, like their name suggests, have white wings with pale yellow bodies. Adult whiteflies congregate above and under leaf surfaces, and disperse in clouds when disturbed. Adult whiteflies congregate above and under leaf surfaces, and disperse in clouds when disturbed.

BLACK SPOT Round to irregular black splotches with fringed margins are quite obvious, mostly on upper leaf surfaces. Round to irregular black splotches with fringed margins are quite obvious, mostly on upper leaf surfaces. Round to irregular black splotches with fringed margins are quite obvious, mostly on upper leaf surfaces. Leaf yellowing develops around these black spots, with defoliation of these infected leaves common. Round to irregular black splotches with fringed margins are quite obvious, mostly on upper leaf surfaces. Leaf yellowing develops around these black spots, with defoliation of these infected leaves common. Leaf yellowing develops around these black spots, with defoliation of these infected leaves common. Round to irregular black splotches with fringed margins are quite obvious, mostly on upper leaf surfaces. Leaf yellowing develops around these black spots, with defoliation of these infected leaves common. Round to irregular black splotches with fringed margins are quite obvious, mostly on upper leaf surfaces. Leaf yellowing develops around these black spots, with defoliation of these infected leaves common. Leaf yellowing develops around these black spots, with defoliation of these infected leaves common.

IRON CHLOROSIS Iron chlorosis is a yellowing of plant leaves caused by iron deficiency that affects many desirable landscape. Iron chlorosis is a yellowing of plant leaves caused by iron deficiency that affects many desirable landscape. The primary symptom of iron deficiency is interveinal chlorosis, the development of a yellow leaf with a network of dark green veins. The primary symptom of iron deficiency is interveinal chlorosis, the development of a yellow leaf with a network of dark green veins.

Annual Bluegrass One of the most common weeds of turf, ornamental plantings, and gardens in the United States. It has a boat- shaped tip, folded in the bud. One of the most common weeds of turf, ornamental plantings, and gardens in the United States. It has a boat- shaped tip, folded in the bud.

Plantain Species of familiar garden, lawn, and roadside weeds. The leaves lack a proper blade. What appears to be a blade is an expanded petiole with several parallel main veins, emerging at the base of the stalk. Small flowers are borne in spikes or heads atop long leafless stalks Species of familiar garden, lawn, and roadside weeds. The leaves lack a proper blade. What appears to be a blade is an expanded petiole with several parallel main veins, emerging at the base of the stalk. Small flowers are borne in spikes or heads atop long leafless stalks

NUTGRASS Nutgrass has yellow- green, wide-bladed leaves that are smooth and shiny or waxy on the upper side. Nutgrass has yellow- green, wide-bladed leaves that are smooth and shiny or waxy on the upper side. Nutgrass grows 1-3 feet tall if not mowed. Nutgrass grows 1-3 feet tall if not mowed. Yellow and purple varieties Yellow and purple varieties

Chickweed Either of two species of small-leaved weeds. Common chickweed usually grows to 18 in. but is a low-growing and spreading annual weed in mowed lawns. Mouse-ear chickweed is usually a shorter, mat-forming, spreading perennial with many upright stems. Both species have inconspicuous but delicate white, star- shaped flowers. Either of two species of small-leaved weeds. Common chickweed usually grows to 18 in. but is a low-growing and spreading annual weed in mowed lawns. Mouse-ear chickweed is usually a shorter, mat-forming, spreading perennial with many upright stems. Both species have inconspicuous but delicate white, star- shaped flowers.

CRABGRASS Crabgras is a low-growing summer annual that spreads by seed and from rootings of nodes that lie on the soil. Crabgras is a low-growing summer annual that spreads by seed and from rootings of nodes that lie on the soil. It may grow upright to a height of 2 feet. It will not tolerate close mowing as well as smooth crabgrass. It may grow upright to a height of 2 feet. It will not tolerate close mowing as well as smooth crabgrass. True leaves are generally 3 inches long and hairy on the upper surface of the leaf and leaf sheath. True leaves are generally 3 inches long and hairy on the upper surface of the leaf and leaf sheath. The branches are l about 2 to 5 inches at the end of the stalk. The branches are l about 2 to 5 inches at the end of the stalk.

Dandelion Weedy perennial herbaceous plant that is widespread in much of temperate North America. Has a rosette of leaves at the base of the plant; a deep taproot; a smooth, hollow stem; and a solitary yellow flower head composed only of ray flowers (no disk flowers). The fruit is a ball-shaped cluster of many small, tufted, one- seeded fruits. Weedy perennial herbaceous plant that is widespread in much of temperate North America. Has a rosette of leaves at the base of the plant; a deep taproot; a smooth, hollow stem; and a solitary yellow flower head composed only of ray flowers (no disk flowers). The fruit is a ball-shaped cluster of many small, tufted, one- seeded fruits.

Henbit Lower leaves have a stalk while the upper leaves clasp the stem. Stems are square. Leaves are coarsely toothed and opposite from each other. Flowers appear in May and are about one-half inch long, trumpet- shaped, pinkish white to purple, and form just above upper leaves. Lower leaves have a stalk while the upper leaves clasp the stem. Stems are square. Leaves are coarsely toothed and opposite from each other. Flowers appear in May and are about one-half inch long, trumpet- shaped, pinkish white to purple, and form just above upper leaves.

OXALIS The leaves are divided into three to ten or more round, heart-shaped or lanceolate leaflets, arranged in a whorl with all the leaflets of roughly equal size. The leaves are divided into three to ten or more round, heart-shaped or lanceolate leaflets, arranged in a whorl with all the leaflets of roughly equal size. The majority of species have three leaflets; in these species, the leaves are superficially similar to those of some clovers The majority of species have three leaflets; in these species, the leaves are superficially similar to those of some clovers

Clover Creeps to form patches in turf and emerges from a fibrous root system. Compound leaves are composed of three unstalked oval leaflets, up to 4/5 inch long. They are dark green and often with faint, white, crescent-shaped markings. Clover flowers occur in ball-shaped white to pink clusters of pea-shaped flowers that are held slightly above the foliage. This weed occurs in most lawns and especially in moist, low- fertility soils throughout growing season. Creeps to form patches in turf and emerges from a fibrous root system. Compound leaves are composed of three unstalked oval leaflets, up to 4/5 inch long. They are dark green and often with faint, white, crescent-shaped markings. Clover flowers occur in ball-shaped white to pink clusters of pea-shaped flowers that are held slightly above the foliage. This weed occurs in most lawns and especially in moist, low- fertility soils throughout growing season.

Purslane Common purslane is an annual broadleaf that grows rapidly in spring and summer. Leaves are very succulent, often tinged red, and wedge- shaped. Small yellow flowers are born singly or in clusters of two or three in stem junctions or at tips of stems. The mature plant may form a mat or grow up to a foot tall. The plant branches at the base and along the stems. Purslane seeds are very tiny and produced in abundance. Common purslane is an annual broadleaf that grows rapidly in spring and summer. Leaves are very succulent, often tinged red, and wedge- shaped. Small yellow flowers are born singly or in clusters of two or three in stem junctions or at tips of stems. The mature plant may form a mat or grow up to a foot tall. The plant branches at the base and along the stems. Purslane seeds are very tiny and produced in abundance.

Wild Garlic/Onion Wild Onion Characteristics: Wild Onion Characteristics: Bulb has reticulated (net like) membrane or covering. Leaves occur from the base of the plant, and tend to be flat (not hollow). Wild Garlic Characteristics: Wild Garlic Characteristics: Leaves are hollow, and tend to be formed higher on the stem (not where stem comes out of the ground). Distinct garlic odor.