Chapter 16: Psychological Disorders You’re going to pieces. Anxious? Ups and Downs What’s Abnormal? Confused? 400

1. A person may have a strong fear of spiders, but it is not considered a disorder unless it is: A) not based in reality. B) the result of a traumatic experience. C) a harmless spider. D) dysfunctional.

2. The DSM-IV has two main goals: A) to describe disorders and list their prevalence. B) to describe disorders and explain their causes. C) to provide an understanding of the underlying causes and treatment of disorders. D) to list disorders and reference their treatments.

A) on Axis I. B) on Axis II. C) on Axis III. D) on Axis IV. 3. If a person is diagnosed with Mental Retardation, this would be listed on the DSM-IV: A) on Axis I. B) on Axis II. C) on Axis III. D) on Axis IV.

4. The recent influence of Martin Seligman has resulted in a manual which differed from the DSM-IV, in that: A) it is more scientific. B) it has more recent norms. C) its focus is on strengths. D) it includes treatment plans.

James has the medical condition of hypertension James has the medical condition of hypertension. This would be found on the DSM-IV on: A) Axis I. B) Axis III. C) Axis IV. D) Nowhere, this is not a mental disorder.

6. Helen suddenly has shortness of breath, trembling, dizziness, chest pains and choking. She goes to the emergency room and is told she is not having a heart attack, she is experiencing: A) generalized anxiety. B) a phobia. C) agoraphobia. D) a panic attack.

7. Social phobia is ____ taken to an extreme. A) nervous behavior B) shyness C) introversion D) avoidance

8. Hand washing several times until the skin bleeds may be an example of a(n): A) compulsion. B) obsession. C) phobia. D) panic attack.

9. It is suggested that it is the _______ that abused children experience that makes them more vulnerable to the effects of trauma when adults. A) abusive trauma B) mental anguish C) learned helplessness D) repressed anxiety

10. Fear-learning experiences can traumatize the brain, by creating fear circuits within: A) the left parietal lobe. B) the prefrontal cortex. C) the occipital lobes. D) the amygdala.

11. If Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde was a real case, he would most likely be currently diagnosed with: A) multiple personality disorder. B) paranoid schizophrenia. C) dissociative identity disorder. D) borderline personality disorder.

12. Showing little or no remorse, the person with ____ personality disorder will frequently lie, cheat or steal without thinking of the consequences to him/herself or to others. A) antisocial B) sociopathic C) criminal D) delinquent

13. Those with antisocial personality disorder show decreased functioning in the ___ of the brain. A) corpus callosum B) frontal lobes C) amygdala D) thalamus

14. The person diagnosed with ____ experiences a heightened sensitivity to rejection, resulting in withdrawing from others. A) antisocial personality disorder B) multiple personality disorder C) narcissistic personality disorder D) avoidant personality disorder

15. Julie says, “I was not myself for a moment 15. Julie says, “I was not myself for a moment. It felt like I was floating above my body. I never experienced anything like it.” You should tell Julie _____. A) to lay off the booze for a while B) she is a nut-case and should be locked up C) she is suffering from a dissociative disorder D) this is a common occurrence of dissociation and nothing to worry about

16. Mood disorders are characterized by the emotional extremes of: A) depression and anxiety. B) hopelessness and despair. C) mania and depression. D) bipolar and unipolar.

17. In any given year, a depressive episode plagues ___ of men and ___ of women across the world. B) 6.4%; 11.5% C) 10.3%; 20.2% D) 15.6%; 25.3%

18. Jim asks, “What’s wrong with mania 18. Jim asks, “What’s wrong with mania? If it is the opposite of depression, that sounds great.” You tell Jim a major problem is: A) they just want more and more excitement. B) grandiosity removes all limits on thoughts and behavior. C) they ignore pain and just feel great. D) they are too happy to deal with the real world.

19. Those who have been through one episode of Major Depression: A) are unlikely to have another occurrence in at least 5 years. B) have a 50% chance of having another episode. C) never get better without treatment. D) usually commit suicide within the next year.

20. Drugs such as Prozac often help with a depressed mood because it: A) adds more serotonin. B) increases serotonin and norepinephrine. C) blocks the reuptake of serotonin. D) decreases norepinephrine and increases serotonin.

21. A false belief that is strongly held in spite of contradictory evidence is: A) a leap of faith. B) a hallucination. C) disorganized thinking. D) a delusion.

22. The most common type of false perceptions in schizophrenia are: A) delusions of grandeur. B) visual hallucinations. C) auditory hallucinations. D) disorganized thinking.

23. Lack of emotional expression shown in schizophrenia is called: A) alogia. B) avolition. C) flat affect. D) delusions.

24: Which of the following would be an example of a negative symptom? A) hallucinations B) expressionless tone of voice C) inappropriate laughter D) delusional thinking

25. Robert has an identical twin who was just diagnosed with schizophrenia. Robert has about a ____ % chance of developing schizophrenia. A) 100 B) 50 C) 75 D) 15

Answers Stop here, or continue as a review

B) the result of a traumatic experience. C) a harmless spider. 1. A person may have a strong fear of spiders, but it is not considered a disorder unless it is: A) not based in reality. B) the result of a traumatic experience. C) a harmless spider. D) dysfunctional. 642

2. The DSM-IV has two main goals: A) to describe disorders and list their prevalence. B) to describe disorders and explain their causes. C) to provide an understanding of the underlying causes and treatment of disorders. D) to list disorders and reference their treatments. 644

A) on Axis I. B) on Axis II. C) on Axis III. D) on Axis IV. 3. If a person is diagnosed with Mental Retardation, this would be listed on the DSM-IV: A) on Axis I. B) on Axis II. C) on Axis III. D) on Axis IV. 645

4. The recent influence of Martin Seligman has resulted in a manual which differed from the DSM-IV, in that: A) it is more scientific. B) it has more recent norms. C) its focus is on strengths. D) it includes treatment plans. 646

James has the medical condition of hypertension James has the medical condition of hypertension. This would be found on the DSM-IV on: A) Axis I. B) Axis III. C) Axis IV. D) Nowhere, this is not a mental disorder. 645

6. Helen suddenly has shortness of breath, trembling, dizziness, chest pains and choking. She goes to the emergency room and is told she is not having a heart attack, she is experiencing: A) generalized anxiety. B) a phobia. C) agoraphobia. D) a panic attack. 650

7. Social phobia is ____ taken to an extreme. A) nervous behavior B) shyness C) introversion D) avoidance 651

8. Hand washing several times until the skin bleeds may be an example of a(n): A) compulsion. B) obsession. C) phobia. D) panic attack. 651

C) learned helplessness D) repressed anxiety 9. It is suggested that it is the _______ that abused children experience that makes them more vulnerable to the effects of trauma when adults. A) abusive trauma B) mental anguish C) learned helplessness D) repressed anxiety 652

10. Fear-learning experiences can traumatize the brain, by creating fear circuits within: A) the left parietal lobe. B) the prefrontal cortex. C) the occipital lobes. D) the amygdala. 655

A) multiple personality disorder. B) paranoid schizophrenia. 11. If Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde was a real case, he would most likely be currently diagnosed with: A) multiple personality disorder. B) paranoid schizophrenia. C) dissociative identity disorder. D) borderline personality disorder. 656

12. Showing little or no remorse, the person with ____ personality disorder will frequently lie, cheat or steal without thinking of the consequences to him/herself or to others. A) antisocial B) sociopathic C) criminal D) delinquent 677

13. Those with antisocial personality disorder show decreased functioning in the ___ of the brain. A) corpus callosum B) frontal lobes C) amygdala D) thalamus 678

A) antisocial personality disorder B) multiple personality disorder 14. The person diagnosed with ____ experiences a heightened sensitivity to rejection, resulting in withdrawing from others. A) antisocial personality disorder B) multiple personality disorder C) narcissistic personality disorder D) avoidant personality disorder 677

A) to lay off the booze for a while 15. Julie says, “I was not myself for a moment. It felt like I was floating above my body. I never experienced anything like it.” You should tell Julie _____. A) to lay off the booze for a while B) she is a nut-case and should be locked up C) she is suffering from a dissociative disorder D) this is a common occurrence of dissociation and nothing to worry about 656

16. Mood disorders are characterized by the emotional extremes of: A) depression and anxiety. B) hopelessness and despair. C) mania and depression. D) bipolar and unipolar. 658

17. In any given year, a depressive episode plagues ___ of men and ___ of women across the world. B) 6.4%; 11.5% C) 10.3%; 20.2% D) 15.6%; 25.3% 661

18. Jim asks, “What’s wrong with mania 18. Jim asks, “What’s wrong with mania? If it is the opposite of depression, that sounds great.” You tell Jim a major problem is: A) they just want more and more excitement. B) grandiosity removes all limits on thoughts and behavior. C) they ignore pain and just feel great. D) they are too happy to deal with the real world. 660

19. Those who have been through one episode of Major Depression: A) are unlikely to have another occurrence in at least 5 years. B) have a 50% chance of having another episode. C) never get better without treatment. D) usually commit suicide within the next year. 661

20. Drugs such as Prozac often help with a depressed mood because it: A) adds more serotonin. B) increases serotonin and norepinephrine. C) blocks the reuptake of serotonin. D) decreases norepinephrine and increases serotonin. 664

C) disorganized thinking. D) a delusion. 21. A false belief that is strongly held in spite of contradictory evidence is: A) a leap of faith. B) a hallucination. C) disorganized thinking. D) a delusion. 669

22. The most common type of false perceptions in schizophrenia are: A) delusions of grandeur. B) visual hallucinations. C) auditory hallucinations. D) disorganized thinking. 670

23. Lack of emotional expression shown in schizophrenia is called: A) alogia. B) avolition. C) flat affect. D) delusions. 670

24: Which of the following would be an example of a negative symptom? A) hallucinations B) expressionless tone of voice C) inappropriate laughter D) delusional thinking 671

25. Robert has an identical twin who was just diagnosed with schizophrenia. Robert has about a ____ % chance of developing schizophrenia. A) 100 B) 50 C) 75 D) 15 674

Acknowledgements Step Up Created by: John J. Schulte, Psy.D. Based on Psychology, Eighth Edition By David G. Myers Published by Worth Publishers (2007)

Answers 1. D 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. C 10. D 11. 12. A 13. B 14. 15. 16. 17. A 18. B 19. 20. C 21. D 22. 23. 24. 25. B