© 2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning Cleaning Equipment and Methods Chapter 10

© 2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning Objectives Use cleaning tools and equipment safely and properly Describe the best cleaning method to use for a particular application

© 2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning Introduction Different types of materials require different cleaning methods –One-third of a shop's expenses attributed to cleaning the engine Internal combustion engines –Produce many bi-products Blowby gases Sludge Carbon build-up

© 2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning General Shop Housekeeping Practices Essential when cleaning automotive parts –Clean shop is vital –Slippery floors are dangerous Spills often occur when an engine block is turned upside down

© 2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning Cleaning Methods Cleaning methods –Wet, abrasive, and thermal cleaning Chemical cleaning –Main types: alkaline, acid, and solvents –Soaps and chemicals For a chemical to be able to clean soils, it must be able to wet them first Soap is a wetting agent –Organic soils include petroleum by-products, gasket sealers, paints, carbon, etc. Cannot be effectively cleaned with water

© 2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning Cleaning Methods (cont'd.) Cleaning with bases –Alkaline materials cut grease very well and work best when heated Cleaning with acids –Acids are useful in removing rust and scale –Acid will not cut grease Cleaning with solvents –Types: water-based, mineral spirits, and chlorinated hydrocarbons

© 2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning Cleaning the Outside of the Engine Engine or transmission cleaned prior to removal –Sewer drain must capture hazardous contaminants –Manual cleaning methods are labor intensive Air blowguns –Can be used to blow off parts –Types: safety and rubber-tipped –Always blow down and away from yourself

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Environmental Concerns with Engine Cleaning Inside of a dirty engine –Can harbor hazardous waste –Disposal of toxic waste is costly –Many methods of disposal have been developed –Biodegradable materials become hazardous when they pick up materials during use

© 2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning Cleaning Internal Parts Many methods for cleaning parts –Chemical cleaning –Abrasive cleaning –Thermal cleaning Cleaning methods –Must all keep contaminants contained for proper toxic waste handling

© 2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning Chemical Cleaning Chemical cleaning includes: –Hot and cold solvent tanks –Chemical soak tanks –Spray washers and jet washers –Ultrasonic cleaners –Salt baths Solvents include mineral spirits, Stoddard solvent, carburetor cleaner, and water-based solvent –Hazardous once used

© 2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning Chemical Cleaning (cont'd.) Solvent tank –Used to clean grease off smaller parts Solvents clean better when hot Caustic cleaning –Water and lye heated to 190°F cleans ferrous materials Lubricate iron and steel immediately after cleaning Hot tanks –Clean parts in a hot tank by soaking for one to eight hours

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Chemical Cleaning (cont'd.) Spray washers –Operate like a dishwasher Cleaning solution heated to 180°F sprayed from heads mounted in a long pipe Cleaning tanks and hazardous waste –Engine bearings must be removed before block is put into caustic Scale removal –Chemical cooling system cleanser removes scale

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Chemical Cleaning (cont'd.) Manual cleaning methods –Wire wheel removes carbon Abrasive cleaning –Materials must be free of grease

© 2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning Chemical Cleaning (cont'd.) Glass bead blasting –Very effective in removing carbon Soda blasting –Similar to bead blasting but uses baking soda Airless blasters –Scatter steel shot at a part

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Thermal Cleaning Pyrolytic oven cooks oil and grease and turns it to ash Types of thermal ovens –Convection and open flame Advantages of thermal cleaning –Lower cost –Lower volume of hazardous waste –Oil galleries thoroughly cleaned –Turns rust and scale to powder

© 2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning Vibratory Parts Cleaners Vibrating tube that uses large beads –Ceramic, aluminum, or plastic Beads combined with a cleaning solvent Does not require a machine operator Should be installed in a soundproof room

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Other Cleaning Methods and Marking Clean Parts Other cleaning methods –Used in larger and nonautomotive applications Salt bath Ultrasonic cleaning Marking clean parts –Clean parts can be marked Number or letter stamps Colored paint marker

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