Herbicide Control Treatments For Invasive Vines Invasive Vines James H. Miller USDA Forest Service Auburn University, Alabama

INVASIVE VINES Japanese HoneysuckleLonicera japonica KudzuPueraria montana Chinese and Japanese WisteriasWisteria sinensis and W. floribunda Oriental BittersweetCelastrus orbiculatus Non-native Climbing YamsDioscorea bulbifera / Air Yam,Chinese Yam, Water Yam D. oppositifolia,D.alata Air Yam,Chinese Yam, Water Yam D. oppositifolia,D.alata Wintercreeper, Climbing EuonymusEuonymus fortunei English Ivy Hedera helix Vincas, PeriwinklesVinca spp.

Vines are difficult to Control Roots, Rhizomes, and Stolons

Effective Herbicide Treatments To be successful with herbicides require the most effective herbicide, applied using the correct method, and applied during the best time period. Prescribed Burning and grazing can assist by preparing the site and severing vines for treating regrowth. Usually only lower portion of vines must be treated

Invasive Vine Control using Herbicides Foliar sprays – must translocate to Foliar sprays – must translocate to roots and rhizomes or be soil active roots and rhizomes or be soil active Tordon and Transline for legumes Tordon and Transline for legumes or Garlon 4 or Garlon 4 Roundup +/- Arsenal +/- Escort for others Roundup +/- Arsenal +/- Escort for others Water Mixes and Add Non-ionic Surfactant ! Water Mixes and Add Non-ionic Surfactant !

Directed Foliar Sprays

Spray Gun

Broadcast Foliar Sprays

Basal Spray Applications Basal Sprays Garlon 4 as a 20 to 40% solution in commercially available basal oil, diesel fuel, or kerosene (2 to 4 qts. per 3 gal. mix) with a penetrant (check with herbicide distributor) to the lower 16 inches of stems. Basal Wipes

Cut-Treat Cut-Treat Water Mixtures with surfactant Or undiluted

Recommended control procedures: Foliar Sprays July to Oct Garlon 4, Garlon 3A, or Glyphosate as a 2-4% solution (8-16 ozs. per 3-gal. mix). Basal Sprays Garlon 4 as 20% in oil mix. Cut Treat Garlon 4 or Glyphosate as a 25% solution (32 ozs. per 1-gal. mix). Cut vines to prevent further seeding. Oriental, Asian Bittersweet Celastrus orbiculatus

Recommended control procedures: Foliar sprays Garlon 3A or Garlon 4 as a 2% solution July to October. Sometimes the air yams take up the herbicide: otherwise, bulbils must be collected and destroyed to prevent sprouting (do not attempt to compost). Cut-treat climbing plants just above the soil surface and immediately treat the freshly cut stem with undiluted Garlon 3A. Air Yam, Chinese Yam, Dioscorea bulbifera, Water Yam D. oppositifolia, D. alata

Recommended control procedures: Foliar Spray Tordon 101 as a 3% solution or Tordon K as a 2% solution in June to October. Foliar Spray repeatedly apply Garlon 4 or a Glyphosate herbicide as a 2% solution in June to December, a less effective treatment that has no soil activity to damage surrounding plants. Cut all vertical climbing stems to prevent fruiting and spread by birds. Winter Creeper, Climbing Euonymus Euonymus fortunei

Recommended control procedures: Foliar Spray Garlon 3A or Garlon 4 as a 3 to 5% solution or a Glyphosate herbicide as a 2 to 4% solution in July to December. Use a string trimmer to reduce growth layers and injure leaves for improved herbicide uptake. Cut-treat large vines with these herbicides. Basal spray or wipe Garlon 4 as a 20 to 40% solution in oil mixture, being careful to avoid the bark of the host tree. English ivy Hedera helix

Recommended control procedures: Foliar Spray Escort at 2 oz per acre in June to October. or by spot spraying 2 to 4 oz per acre in water Foliar Spray Glyphosate herbicide as a 2% solution or Garlon 3A or Garlon 4 as a 3- 5% solution in June to December. Cut-treat freshly cut stem with a Glyphosate herbicide or Garlon 3A as a 20% solution July to October. Prescribed burning in spring will reduce dense ground mats and sever climbing vines for more effective herbicide treatments to resprouting vines. Japanese Honeysuckle Lonicera japonica

Kudzu

Recommended control procedures: Foliar Sprays Tordon 101 as a 3% solution Tordon K as a 2% solution, July to Sep in years 1, 3, and 4. Escort at 3 to 4 oz per acre Transline as a 0.2% solution; twice yearly. Garlon 4 or a Glyphosate herbicide as a 2% solution during the growing season twice yearly. Cut-treat large vines and immediately apply these herbicides to the cut surfaces. Basal Spray Garlon 4 as a 20% solution in oil mix Jan to Apr, which controls vines < 2 inches in diameter. Kudzu Pueraria montana

Vincas, Periwinkles Vinca minor, V. major Recommended control procedures: Foliar Sprays Tordon 101 as a 3% solution Tordon K as a 2% solution Garlon 4 as a 4% solution in growing season Garlon 4 or a Glyphosate herbicide as a 2% solution in water in winter, herbicide treatments should be limited to warm days (warmer than 55 o F).

Chinese Wisteria

Chinese Wisteria Herbicide Screening 12 MAT Percent Control Herbicide Rate per Acre Tordon K 0.5 gal Garlon gal Transline 21 fl. oz. Arsenal 0.25 gal Accord 2.0 gal Escort 4 oz Jul Sep

Chinese and Wisteria sinensis and Japanese Wisterias W. floribunda Recommended control procedures: Foliar Spray Tordon 101 as a 3% solution Tordon K as a 2% solution Garlon 4 as a 4% solution Jul. to Sep. for successive years when regrowth appears: Transline as a 0.2% solution When safety to surrounding vegetation is desired September to October with repeated applications. Glyphosate herbicide as a 2% solution

Control a little now or Control a bunch later