By: Gerald Pine Katie Whited & Erik Walunas

 Why it’s important  PEL  Health Effects  Sampling Methods

Table C13-1. Substances for which limits are based on avoidance of metabolic effects (NOTE: Because of its width, this table has been divided; see continuation for additional columns. _________________________________________________________________________ H.S. Number/ Chemical Name CAS No. Former PEL Proposed PEL _________________________________________________________________________  1025 Aniline and homologs ppm TWA, Skin 2 ppm TWA, Skin  1058 Calcium Cyanamide mg/m(3) TWA  1068 Carbofuran mg/m(3) TWA  1069 Carbon dioxide ,000 ppm TWA 5,000 ppm TWA 30,000 ppm STEL  1071 Carbon monoxide ppm TWA 35 ppm TWA 200 ppm Ceiling  1091 Chlorpyrifos mg/m(3) 0.6 mg/m(3) STEL, Skin 1103  1104 Crufomate mg/m(3) TWA 20 mg/m(3) STEL  1131 Cyanamide mg/m(3) TWA  1143 Dicrotophos mg/m(3) TWA Skin _________________________________________________________________________ wadisp.show_document?p_table=PRE AMBLES&p_id=770

 Carbon dioxide is a colorless, odorless, noncombustible gas.  OSHA bases this conclusion on the fact that, while the evidence has not shown that prolonged exposures to 10,000 ppm are harmful, acute exposures to CO(2) concentrations in excess of 30,000 ppm have been demonstrated to cause changes in respiration rates in humans. wadisp.show_document?p_table=PRE AMBLES&p_id=770

 Silent Killer  Could this be You? What about your family? Or What about your co- workers?

 OSHA PEL – General Industry/ Construction: 5000ppm; 9000mg/m^3  NIOSH REL -5,000ppm  STEL – 30,000ppm  ACGIH TLV – 5,000ppm; 9,000mg/m^3;  STEL – 30,000 ppm; 54,000mg/m^3

 OSHA PEL- General/Construction/Maritime  50 ppm, 55 mg/m^3  NIOSH REL-35 ppm, 40 mg/m^3  Ceiling – 200ppm, 229mg/m^3  ACGIH TLV – 25 ppm, 29 mg/m^3

 Would you notice the symptoms?

 Symptoms – Headaches, dizziness, restlessness, paresthesis, dyspnea, sweating, malaise, increased heart rate, elevated blood pressure, pulse pressure, coma, asphyxia, convulsions, frostbite  Simple Asphyxiant  Targets – Lungs, Skin, CVS

 IDLH – 1,200ppm  Symptoms – headaches, tachypnea, nausea, weakness, dizziness, confusion, hallucinations, cyanosis, depressed, ST segment of electrocardiogram, angina, syncope  Asphyxiation, chemical anoxia  Target – CVS, Lungs, Blood, CNS

Does he know what he’s looking for? Which is more accurate?

 Five layer aluminized gas sampling bag  Gastech Detector Tubes  200ml sample or 2 strokes  % validity  Evacuated Cans

 Five layer Aluminized Gas Sampling Bag  Mx. V. 5 liters Min V. 2 liters  Max flow rate -.05 L/min  Gas Chromatography  Electrochemical Sensor  Sample up 8 hours  Measure limit – 999pm  Detection limit – 4.1 ppm  Over uncertainty 9.6% uncertainty

DayTestCO2 ppm CO ppm Relative H % Temp °F Wednesday 3/19/08 Baseline Gas Probe01, Gastech tube0500 Peak Gas Probe621, Gastech tube62800 Thursday 3/20/08 Baseline Gas Probe01, Gastech tube0600 Peak Gas Probe 711, Gastech tube71625

Do you know the risks of exposure?

 Mold spores are all around  Can grow anywhere where warmth and moisture are present  Moisture Control will help eliminate mold growth  Reduce indoor humidity 30-60% to decrease mold growth

 Building – related illnesses (BRI’s)  Objective clinical finding related to specific exposure  Diagnosed by evaluation of signs & symptoms  Sick Building Syndrome  Experience symptoms and linked to time in building  No specific cause of illness is identified

 Nasal stuffiness, eye irritation, wheezing or skin irritation  Serious allergies to molds – severe reaction – fever and shortness of breath.  Chronic lung disease / Weakened Immune Systems– potential for mold infection in lungs

 Mold Sampling – 2 types  Dermal wipe – in Lab. Incubate and identify  Dermal wipe – DNA tests can identify molds more rapidly

 What is “black mold”? The news media often refer to “black mold” or “toxic black mold.” It is usually associated with Stachybotrys chartarum, a type of greenish-black mold commonly associated with heavy water damage. Not all molds that appear to be black are Stachybotrys. The known health effects from exposure to Stachybotrys are similar to other common molds, but have been inconclusively associated with more severe health effects in some people. lished&NRNODEGUID=%7b85F062DC-34DF-49CE-BED2- F4D39B2F11F9%7d&NRORIGINALURL=%2fcontent%2faccessinfo%2fconsumer%2ffactsa boutmold%2ehtm&NRCACHEHINT=NoModifyGuest#whatisblackmold

 Occupational Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor (2008). Regulations, VI. Health Effects Discussion and determination of Final PEL. Retrieved April 2, 2008 from  &p_id=770  Occupational Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor (2007). Chemical Sampling Information, Carbon Monoxide (by COHb). Retrieved April 7, 2008 from  Occupational Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor (2007). Chemical Sampling Information, Carbon Dioxide. Retrieved April 7, 2008 from  Occupational Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor (2008). Carbon Dioxide in Workplace Atmospheres. Retrieved April 7, 2008 from  U.S Environmental Protection Agency, (2008). Mold Resources, Mold, Indoor Air Quality, Air, US EPA. Retrieved April 8, 2008 from