 Why did peasant begin to become weary of the French Revolution?  Executions of clergy men and sale of church land.

 War with Austria  Radicals execute the king  Reign of terror and Maximilien Robespierre  What happens after the end of the Reign of terror.  Video to tie it all in!  Pass out mid term review and answer any questions.

 War with Austria:  - Radicals hoped to spread revolution to all of Europe.  - Austria and Prussia suggest putting Louis back on the throne.  War declared – August 1792.

 War began badly for French forces.  Summer 1792 – enemy armies were advancing towards Paris.  July 25 – Prussian leader threatened to destroy Paris if anyone harmed the royal family.  Response: 20,000 men and women raided the Tuileries killing all of Louis guards and imprisoning him.

 As volunteers were getting ready to leave.  - rumors of imprisoned royalist retaking Paris went around.  Early September- Parisians raided the prisons killing over a 1,000 prisoners.

 Mob leaders had more power than the government.  Jean Paul Marat: editor of a newspaper, suggested killing all enemies of the revolution.  Georges Danton: dedicated to the rights of poor people.  September 21 – National Convention declared France a republic and abolished the Monarchy.

 Radical Jacobins: tried Louis XVI for treason and sentenced him to death.  January 21, 1793 – Louis was beheaded by a machine called the Guillotine.

 First issue – continuing the war with Austria and Prussia.  1793 – Great Britain, Holland, and Spain allied with Austria and Prussia – First Coalition.  - France suffered many defeats.  February 1793 – Draft 300,000 French citizens between  1794 – Army of 800,000 and included women.

 Jacobins had thousands of enemies:  - peasants against the beheading of clergy men.  - Rival leaders stirring up rebellions.  Maximilien Robespierre- gained power and tried to wipe out any trace of the royalty or nobility in France.  - Calendar changed to be more scientific.  i.e. 10 day week to get rid of Sundays.

 All churches ransacked and closed.  Robespierre became leader of the Committee of Public Safety.  Tried people in the morning and beheaded them in the afternoon.  July July 1794: virtually a dictator his rule became known as the reign of terror.

 Most famous victim: Marie Antoinette (wife of Louis XVI)  - Most “enemies” were revolutionaries that challenged his power.  October 1793 – revolutionary courts pronounced death sentences on many of the leaders who first helped start the revolution.

 Georges Danton- found himself in danger for being less radical.  National Convention feared defending him, they joined in on condemning him.  On the scaffold Danton said:  “don’t forget to show my head to the people. It’s well worth seeing.”

 Thousands of people were sentenced to death for silly crimes.  i.e. 18 year old boy sentenced to death for cutting down a tree dedicated to liberty.  - tavern owner put to death for selling sour wine to revolutionaries.

 3,000 killed in Paris.  40,000 killed in France.  About 85% were peasants or members of the middle class.

 July National Convention members were not safe.  Conspired to arrest Robespierre.  July 28, 1794 he was executed.  Public opinion quickly shifted to the right (conservative).  1795 – moderate leaders took over the convention.  1789 – New Constitution  - Two house legislature  - executive body of five men called the directory.  Directory found a talented young man to lead France to victory. Who was he?

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