Presented by the FAA Safety Team FY 2012 Federal Aviation Administration Light Sport Aircraft Operation / Maintenance

2 Federal Aviation Administration LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 What Is A Light Sport Aircraft ? Small, Simple, Low-performance, Other Than a Helicopter That:

3 Federal Aviation Administration LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 Categories Special Light Sport Aircraft (SLSA) –Reference: 14 CFR Part –Ready To Fly From Manufacturer –Uses: Personal, Towing, Flight Training Experimental – Operating Light Sport Aircraft –Reference: 14 CFR Part (i) –Light Sport Kit Aircraft –Kit-built Light Sport Aircraft –Downgrade From SLSA –Personal Use Only

4 Federal Aviation Administration LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 Airplane Glider Powered Parachute Weight Shift Control Lighter-Than-Air Gyroplane CLASSES

5 Federal Aviation Administration LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 Markings – 14 CFR Part 45 Registration Markings –Special LSA – At Least 12 Inches High –Experimental – LSA – At Least 3 Inches High Placarding - 2 Inches To 6 Inches High: –SLSA – The Word, “Light Sport” –ELSA – The Word “Experimental” Reference AC 45-2

6 Federal Aviation Administration LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 SPECIAL LIGHT SPORT

7 Federal Aviation Administration LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 SLSA OPERATING LIMITATIONS ATTACHED TO AIRWORTHINESS CERTIFICATE

8 Federal Aviation Administration LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 EXPERIMENTAL LIGHT SPORT

9 Federal Aviation Administration LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 ATTACHED TO AIRWORTHINESS CERTIFICATE ELSA OPERATING LIMITATIONS

10 Federal Aviation Administration LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012

11 Federal Aviation Administration LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 LSA Inspections Special Light Sport (SLSA) –Annual Condition Inspections –Used For Towing or Flight Training 100 hour inspections Experimental Light Sport (ELSA) –Annual Condition Inspections

12 Federal Aviation Administration LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 Light Sport Repairman There is One Light Sport Repairman Certificate. Two Ratings: –Inspection –Maintenance 14 CFR Part

13 Federal Aviation Administration LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 LSA Repairman Certificate Inspection Rating –Certificate Issued To Aircraft Owner (ELSA Only) Aircraft Class, S/N, “N” Number –Requires 16 Hours Of Training In Aircraft Class –Suspended Upon Sale Of Aircraft –Privileges Annual Condition Inspection Of Owner’s Aircraft

14 Federal Aviation Administration LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 LSA Repairman Certificate Maintenance Rating –Issued By Class of Aircraft Not Issued For Gyroplanes –Must Complete Required Training For Class –Privileges: Annual Condition Inspections (Both SLSA/ELSA) Maintenance on SLSA Aircraft By Class –100 Hour Inspections (Towing, Flight Training) –Perform FAA Airworthiness Directives –Perform Manufacturer’s Safety Directives –Major Repair & Alterations »Only By Approval of Manufacturer

15 Federal Aviation Administration LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 Repairman Training CORE MODULESHOURS 1Regulatory & Maintenance Overview16 2Airframe (General)24 3Engine & Propeller45 CLASS MODULES 4Airplane35 5Weight Shift Control19 6Powered Parachute19 7Lighter-Than-Air64 8Glider40 85

16 Federal Aviation Administration LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 Repairman Training CLASSMODULE TOTAL HOURS Airplane ✔✔✔✔ 120 Weight Shift ✔✔✔✔ 104 Powered Parachute ✔✔✔✔ 104 Lighter-Than-Air ✔✔ 80 Glider ✔✔ 80 Powered Glider ✔✔✔✔ 125

17 Federal Aviation Administration LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 Annual Condition Inspection ELSA – –Owner With Inspection Rating –Repairman With Maintenance Rating –Airframe & Powerplant Mechanic –Appropriately Rated Part 145 Repair Station SLSA – –Repairman With Maintenance Rating –Airframe & Powerplant Mechanic –Appropriately Rated Part 145 Repair Station

18 Federal Aviation Administration LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 Maintenance- ELSA –Anyone SLSA –Repairman: Maintenance Rating With The Appropriate Class –Airframe & Powerplant Mechanic Must Meet Part – Previously Performed –Appropriately Rated Part 145 Repair Station Preventive Maintenance –Part 43, Appendix A (c)

19 Federal Aviation Administration LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 What Is a Consensus Standard? A consensus standard is an INDUSTRY - DEVELOPED standard that APPLIES TO AIRCRAFT DESIGN, production, and AIRWORTHINESS. It is ACCEPTED BY THE FAA for the purpose of certificating light-sport aircraft. It includes, but is not limited to, STANDARDS for aircraft design and performance, required equipment, manufacturer quality assurance systems, production acceptance test procedures, OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS, MAINTENANCE AND INSPECTION PROCEDURES, IDENTIFICATION AND RECORDING OF MAJOR REPAIRS AND MAJOR ALTERATIONS, AND CONTINUED AIRWORTHINESS.

20 Federal Aviation Administration LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012

21 Federal Aviation Administration LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 ASTM- Continued Operational Safety Owner/Operator Responsibilities –Shall Comply With Manufacturer’s Instructions –Shall Provide Mfg With Current Contact Information –Shall Notify The Mfg of Safety of Flight or Significant Service Difficulty Upon Discovery –Shall Comply With All Mfg. Notices, Corrective Actions, And CAA Regulations –Shall Ensure Needed Corrective Actions Completed –If Owner Does Not Comply With Mandatory Service Requirement, ASTM Considered Not Met. ASTM F , 5.4

22 Federal Aviation Administration LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 Operating Limitations… (6) Noncompliance with these operating limitations will render the airworthiness certificate invalid. Any change, alteration, or repair not in accordance with the manufacturer’s instruction and approval will render the airworthiness certificate invalid, and the owner of the aircraft must apply for a new airworthiness certificate under the provisions of 14 CFR § with appropriate operating limitations before further flight.

23 Federal Aviation Administration LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 AC – Certification of LSA Repairman NOTE: If a major malfunction or defect is found during the annual condition inspection, it is strongly recommended that the repairman, mechanic, or repair station report the problem to the FAA via the Internet at: within 72 hours and also to the aircraft’s manufacturer.

24 Federal Aviation Administration LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012

25 Federal Aviation Administration LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 Repairman Rating Review Inspection Rating: –ELSA Only –16hrs Training; Issued To Aircraft Owner –Annual Condition Inspections For Owner’s Aircraft Maintenance Rating: –SLSA & ELSA –Appropriate “Class” Training Before Issue –Perform Annual Condition Inspection/100 Hour –Major Repairs & Alterations – Only Per Manufacturer May Require Additional Training (Decision Of Mfg)

26 Federal Aviation Administration LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 Precautions No TCDS - All LSA “Built” To Consensus Standard (ASTM) SLSA Must Be Maintained To An ASTM No “Type Design” To Meet The Definition of “Airworthy” –“In a Condition For Safe Operation” Manufacturer’s Maintenance Manuals Safety Directives Major Repairs & Alterations –ASTM States They Are To Be Defined By The Manufacturer »Manufacturer Also Determines Required Training »Contact The Manufacturer! 26

27 Federal Aviation Administration LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 Maintenance Manuals Ground Test. Check of Liquid Levels. Re-torque Cylinder Head Nuts. Re-torque Exhaust Manifold Screws. Check of Rewind Starter Rope. Rewind Starter Dismantling. Rewind Starter Reassembly. Contains Information Such As:

28 Federal Aviation Administration LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 Rotax 914 Rotax 912 Precautions

29 Federal Aviation Administration LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 Rotax LMM-912

30 Federal Aviation Administration LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 Manufacturer’s Statement of Compliance –The Aircraft Meets its Design Data & ASTM –Manufacturer Will Make Available to Any Interested Party: Aircraft Operating Instructions Aircraft’s Maintenance & Inspection Procedures Manufacturer Will Monitor And Correct Safety-of-flight Issues Through The Issuance of SAFETY DIRECTIVES. Precautions – 14 CFR Part (c)

31 Federal Aviation Administration LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 Precautions 14 CFR Part 43.13(a) –Each Person Performing Maintenance Shall: Use The Methods, Techniques, & Practices Prescribed In The “Current” Manufacturer’s Maintenance Manual. Use The Proper Tools & Equipment Special Equipment or Test Apparatus 14 CFR Part 43.13(b) –Shall Do Quality Work –Use Quality Materials –Equal To Its Original or Properly Alter Condition

32 Federal Aviation Administration LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 Precautions 14 CFR Part Mechanic May Not Approve For Return To Service… –Unless He Has Satisfactorily Performed It At An Earlier Date. –Must Understand The Current Instructions of The Mfg. 14 CFR Part 65.85/87(b) [For LSA] An A&P Can Approve And Return To Service… –A Major Repair or Major Alteration Provided… –The Work Was Performed Per Instructions Developed By The Manufacturer.

33 Federal Aviation Administration LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 Precautions 14 CFR Part (d) LSA Repairman With Maintenance Rating May Not Approve For Return To Service An Aircraft/Part… –Unless He Has Previously Performed The Work Satisfactorily In The Past. LSA Repairman May Not Exercise His Certificate Unless: –He Understands The Current Instructions of The Manufacturer… 33

34 Federal Aviation Administration LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 Precautions No Person May Operate An LSA Unless: –Aircraft Is Maintained By An Appropriately Rated Person –Aircraft Has Had A Condition Inspection In The Last 12 Months –If Use For Towing/Flight Training, Has Had a 100 Hr. Inspection –Aircraft Complies With All Airworthiness Directives –Aircraft Complies With All Safety Directives –Each Alteration Complies With The ASTM & Authorized By Mfg. –Each Major Alteration Is Authorized, Performed, & Inspected Per The Manufacturer’s Maintenance & Inspection Procedures CFR Part LSA Operating Limitations

35 Federal Aviation Administration LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY Precautions 14 CFR Part (a) Aircraft Owner or Operator Shall Keep: Records of Maintenance, Including… The Current Status of Applicable… Safety Directives

36 Federal Aviation Administration LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 Precautions NOTE: T O WORK ON A S PECIAL OR E XPERIMENTAL L IGHT S PORT A IRCRAFT, certificated Part 145 repair stations, airframe mechanics, powerplant mechanics, and repairmen (Light Sport Aircraft) must be QUALIFIED AND TRAINED on the maintenance of Light Sport Aircraft, and have the necessary DATA AND TOOLS to inspect the aircraft and maintain them in a condition for safe operation. 36 AC 65-32

37 Federal Aviation Administration LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 SLSA Inspection Log Entry

38 Federal Aviation Administration LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 ELSA Inspection Log Entry

39 Federal Aviation Administration LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 References 14 CFR Part – SLSA 14 CFR Part (i) – ELSA 14 CFR Part 43.1(b)(2); (d) Applicability 14 CFR Part – LSA Repairman 14 CFR Part – ELSA Ops Limits 14 CFR Part – SLSA Ops Limits FAA Order , Vol. 5, Ch. 5 – Repairman FAA Order – Cert. of Aircraft AC – Certification & Training of LSA Repairman

40 Federal Aviation Administration LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY

41 Federal Aviation Administration LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 FAA Light Sport Branch Contact Information Larry L. Buchanan Branch Manager AFS-610 Phone: (405) Fax: (405) Mailing Address: U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Aviation Administration Mike Monroney Aeronautical Center P.O. Box Oklahoma City, OK 73125

42 Federal Aviation Administration LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT – FAA SAFETY TEAM FY 2012 Contact your local FAASTeam Program Manager