USDA Swine Program Initiatives and Updates: Collaborations to Achieve Results Troy T. Bigelow U.S. Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Veterinary Services April 1, 2014 Veterinary Services

Veterinary Services Swine Health Programs Overview Update on surveillance and program activities –PRV, SB, CSF, IAV-S PEDV collaborations VS swine health activities towards enhancing surveillance Next steps 2

Veterinary Services Swine Surveillance Pseudorabies FY 13 3 Surveillance StreamFiscal Year 2013 Diagnostic Laboratory Serologic Submissions 23,695 swine from 4,240 herds Cull Sow-Boars at Slaughter239,284 Market Swine at Slaughter11,370 Feral Swine2,393 Swine Cases Highly Suspicious for PRV Total276,742

Veterinary Services Swine Surveillance Pseudorabies –States submitting samples from herds with high probability of contact with feral swine receiving positives and coordinating traceback –99.9 percent of domestic swine samples were negative –21 percent of feral swine tested positive (FY13 convenience samples) 4

Hotspot Analysis 5 Slide provided by VS, STAS,CEAH

FY14 PRV initiatives: –TAIO? Tool for assessment of intervention options (part of overall comprehensive TAIO) –Collaborating with industry on PRV sample reduction initiatives –Collaboration with States high risk samples –Updating list of high risk states –Improve the capture of State and premises identifying information on market slaughter (meat juice) and NAHLN samples 6 Veterinary Services Swine Surveillance

Swine Brucellosis FY 13 –TAIO? –Collaborating industry on SB sample reduction. –Implementing SB into NAHLN system 7 Veterinary Services Swine Surveillance

Classical Swine Fever –Goals of rapidly detecting disease –Targets 5 areas Waste feeder/backyard (high priority) Sick pig specimens to VDL Slaughter swine with risks Feral swine FAD investigations 8 Veterinary Services Swine Surveillance

Surveillance Stream FY 2013 Animals FY 2013 Specimens Sick Pigs Specimens submitted to VDL 2,2812,285 Slaughter Swine meeting collection definition 2,2842,285 Swine with high probability of exposure 3,991 Other tested samples (low risk) -- Feral Swine2,383 FAD Submission4NR 9 Veterinary Services Swine Surveillance (CSF) Even with PEDV highlighting the importance of rapid detection, zero swine FAD’s were reported in FY13

CSF Improvement Improve data quality (no state of origin reported) Continue efforts to transfer CSF serology to NAHLN laboratories Promote correct VS form usage for collection of samples Explore CSF testing platform possibilities 10 Veterinary Services Swine Surveillance

11 Month Diagnostic sick domestic swine submissions Swine associated w/ public health investigations Sick pigs at concentration points or commingling events All Surveillance streams Accessions Samples Accessions Samples Accessions SamplesAccessionsSamples Oct ,173 …………507 2,173 Nov ,969…………4181,969 Dec ,920…………3931,920 Jan ,681…………4231,681 Feb ,463…………3391,463 Mar ,629…………3661,629 Apr ,873…………4171,873 May ,758…………3781,758 Jun , ,720 Jul ,58115 …… 3831,586 Aug ,69911 …… 4521,700 Sep , ,253 FY 20134,98421, ,99121,725 Veterinary Services Swine Surveillance Influenza A Virus in Swine

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PEDV –Confirmed by NVSL in May 2013 –VS cooperation with states and industry Conference calls Notifications –VS is actively participating in: Risk assessments, diagnostic testing (including bioassays), assisting in epidemiological investigations to determine route of disease spread, strategic task force, disease reporting, supporting research –VS NAHLN is instrumental, information reporting 13 PEDV Activities

14 Map of States with Positive PEDV Biological Accessions

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What is Comprehensive Integrated Surveillance (CIS)? –CIS is a standardized data collection and information management approach that facilitates designed sample targeting in response to multiple and evolving swine health information needs. October, USAHA resolution update of Comprehensive Integrated Surveillance in Swine (CISS) activities on implementing surveillance through appropriate surveillance streams and results. 16 Collaborations to Achieve Results

17 Data Stream TargetedPathogen-Specific Surveillance Non-Pathogen Populations CSF FMD ASF IAV- S PRV SB Other Specific Surveillance Harvest (slaughter) surveillance Market swine 1⁰ Commercial-growers & finishers /pork X X Cull sow boar1⁰ Commercial- breeding populations X XX Roaster1⁰ Commercial; High probability of dz X FAD / Emerging disease reporting Foreign animal disease investigation Domestic and feral swine XXX XX Suspicious cases reportedDomestic and feral swine XXXXXXXX Comingling locations Live animal marketsDomestic and feral swine XX Public exhibitions, sick pigsDomestic swine X Suspicious cases reportedDomestic and feral swine XXXXXXXX Diagnostic laboratory submissions Case compatible sick pig submissions 1⁰ Commercial –Targeted high risk of dz X XX X Routine serology / herd profiles Commercial swine X Suspicious cases reported1⁰ Commercial –Targeted high risk of dz X XXXXX High probability of exposure to feral swine Domestic swine –Targeted high risk of dz XX Suspected exposure to feral swine Domestic swine –Targeted high risk of dz XX On-Farm collections Waste feeding operationsDomestic swine –Targeted high risk of dz X XX Designated high risk areasDomestic swine –Targeted high risk of dz X X Exposure to feral swineDomestic swine –Targeted high risk of dz X X Wildlife monitoring Opportunistic feral swine samples Feral swine- monitor disease reservoirs X XXXXX Targeted feral swine samplingFeral swine - in high dz risk areas X Enhanced Passive surveillance FSIS condemnation data1⁰ Commercial XXX XX Practitioner observations Livestock market observations VDL syndromic submissions

Surveillance activities Disease updates-previous slides Planning for FAD surveillance Non-regulatory surveillance and information. –Influenza A virus in swine. –PEDV information coordination 18 CISS- Collaborations to Achieve Results

CISS – Completed tasks Initiated discussions on data standards with states. Result reporting to stakeholders Validated diagnostic methods (ASF, CSF, FMD, PRV) Pilot project on utilizing Prem ID tags 19 CISS- Collaborations to Achieve Results

Completed tasks Developed surveillance strategies for FMD, ASF surveillance pilots Developed methods for sample collection, testing and data messaging including NAHLN network. –PEDV- receiving network data sharing from 12+NAHLN labs. (4,000 PEDV testing records every week from NAHLN labs.) 20 CISS- Collaborations to Achieve Results

Areas for improvement: Consistency –State support on individual premises data sharing agreements varies. –Continued discussions among all parties in sharing premises information with VS Testing efficiencies -targeting Information technology infrastructure 21 CISS- Collaborations to Achieve Results

CISS -Conclusion VS cannot implement CIS alone, nor can the States or industry. CISS must operate as a unified system with participation and support from all stakeholders to be effective. To date, access to needed premises data is missing. All parties must reach consensus on ways to share premises identifiers. 22 CISS-Collaborations to Achieve Results

VS-Next steps –Continue collaboration with stakeholders to enhance current surveillance structure –Enhance surveillance by adding future diseases of concern Collaborate to overcome the next CISS data constrains 23 Collaborations to Achieve Results

Risk Analyses –October, 2013 USAHA resolution seeking support and collaboration Risk analyses regarding the introduction of diseases via production inputs sourced from outside US. 24 Other VS Activities

Pathway Assessment –VS has initiated a pathway assessment for exotic viral diseases of swine –The assessment is to determine whether significant gaps exist in commodities imported –VS is analyzing the likelihood of disease entering the country from a various pathways such as processing of feed materials, transport, equipment import mitigation procedures, etc. –VS plans sharing results with stakeholders 25

Questions?