◦ Uniting the British colonies was a subject of much debate ◦ Project Leaders Brown, Cartier and Macdonald needed to convince  The _______________  _______________________________ ◦ Canada East  Antoine-Aime Dorion (Rouges) strongly opposed the 72 Resolutions, because he thought it was a legislative union in disguise.  Saw Rep by Pop as a threat to survival of French, since they would become minority. ◦ Union project eventually adopted by the Assembly of Province of Canada – March 10, 1865 ◦ Atlantic Colonies  More resistance  Newfoundland and PEI rejected the union  New Brunswick and Nova Scotia accept (only after much debate)

 1866 ◦ Delegates from the Province of Canada, New Brunswick and Nova Scotia travelled to London to finalize the __________________________. ◦ London conference – BNA Act passed – Canada is born.  __________________ (Canada West)  __________________(Canada East)  __________________ ◦ Went into effect July 1, 1867 – Dominion of Canada ◦ Motto – “From sea to sea”

 The BNA Act (1867) was the fifth Canadian Constitution.  It Divided power at to levels of government ◦ _________________  __________________ government: federal government had more power and greater sources of revenue.

 A restrained autonomy ◦ Canada remained a ____________ of the British monarchy (was not a sovereign state) ◦ Government had the right to enact laws ◦ Did not have the right to ___________ or send _________________________  London handled these, as well as approval of Constitution modifications.

Fifth Constitution The British North America Act Powers of the federal GovernmentPowers of the Provincial Government Criminal law Trade, fisheries, transportation Money, banking, loans, bankruptcy Defence Mail and telegraph service Natives and their territories Direct taxation (income tax) and indirect taxation (sales tax, customs, etc.) Contingency powers Power of repudiation (to strike provincial laws) Civil law Public land and natural resources Hospitals, asylums, prisons Municipal institutions Direct taxation (income tax) Education Powers shared by the federal and provincial governments: agriculture and immigration

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