Topic : JavaMail API (1) Sending and Receiving s Kaster Nurmukan

Overview of JavaMail API SMTP POP MIME javaMail API HTML With attachment

Java Mail API is an easy and standard way of sending and receiving s Java Mail API supports following Protocols: –SMTP –POP –IMAP –MIME

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol –Usually used for sending s from clients –Also used for relaying s from one server to another

Post office protocol Currently Version 3 in use (Pop3 RFC1939) Used at client side to check the s that are received in the mailbox for a user

Stands for Internet Message Access Protocol Currently IMAP4 (RFC2060) in use More advanced protocol for access that allows multiple folder management on server, periodic backups and several other advanced features.

Multi-purpose Internet Mail Extention Defines the contents that are to be transferred in an

You should have following two APIs –Java Mail API –JavaBeans Activation Framework(JAF) –JAF is included in JDK6

As the name says, is used for sending and receiving s. Mail API requires JavaBeans Activation Framework

JavaBeans Activation Framework –Helps programmers to Determine the type of an arbitrary piece of data –Encapsulates access to it –Discovers operations that can be performed on it

Both APIs can be downloaded from Also placed on \\shares\teachers\basit\shared docs\aip\APIs

Un-zip the javamail.zip and jaf.zip into some folder Put mail.jar from javamail folder to the classpath Put activation.jar from jaf folder to classpath

You must know following classes before you start –Session –Message –Address –Transport –Store –Folder

Defines a basic mail session Everything in mail api works due to this session

Represents an message that is either created to be sent to the recipient or is received from someone. Message is an Abstract class MimeMessage is the sub-class of message that understands most MIME types and is most commonly used for handling

Represents an addres Address is an abstract class javax.mail.Internet.InternetAddress is the sub-class of Address

This class speaks the protocol specific language to send messages. (Usually SMTP)

When receiving –We create a session –Connect to a store with our username and password –Get specific folders (usually inbox) –And start receiving Message objects

//Create properties object Properties p = System.getProperties(); p.put("mail.smtp.host", " "); // Get session Session s = Session.getDefaultInstance(p,null);

Message m = new MimeMessage(s); InternetAddress to = new InternetAddress from = new "Bill Gates"); m.setContent("yeah this is the body", "text/plain"); m.setFrom(from); m.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, to); m.setSubject("de subject"); Transport.send(m);

Properties props = new Properties(); Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(props, null); Store store = session.getStore("pop3"); store.connect(host, username, password); Folder folder = store.getFolder("INBOX"); folder.open(Folder.READ_ONLY);

Message message[] = folder.getMessages(); for (int i=0, n=message.length; i<n; i++) { System.out.println(i + ": " + message[i].getFrom()[0] + "\t\t" + message[i].getSubject()); } folder.close(false); store.close();

0: Syed Basit test 1 1: subject 2: subject 3: subject 4: subject 5: Bill Gates de subject

Send using Gmail SMTP server Set Mail content type (text/plain) Determine the Mail Server for Any Domain: –Click Start. –CMD –Type nslookup –Type set type = mx –type the name of the domain. Example: google.com

HTML You can also send HTML with JavaMail. HTML can be used to –Use different size fonts –imbed images into your –Use different colored text, bold, italic, etc.

HTML With HTML , –you set the mime message content type to "text/html" –call the setContent() method to set your html content It helps to know a little HTML!

Mail Security n Virtually all mail servers require a username and password to receive n Some mail servers require a username and password to send an (by default, James does not). n This prevents spammers from hijacking the mail server to send unauthorized n JavaMail supports this username/password authorization and authentication n To implement this, you get a transport object from the mail session and call the connect() method with the mail host, username, and password n See next slide for code example

HTML Example n Example of sending html message with an imbedded image using username/password authorization MimeMessage msg = new MimeMessage(mailSession); msg.setFrom(new msg.addRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, new msg.setSubject(subject); String html = " MY SPAM <img src=' "; msg.setContent(html, "text/html"); Transport transport = mailSession.getTransport("smtp"); transport.connect("localhost","user", "passwd"); msg.saveChanges(); transport.sendMessage(msg, msg.getAllRecipients()); transport.close();

Interface that allows access to file type and to streams that can manipulate the file public String getContentType() returns the name of the MIME file type Implemented by javax.Activation.FileDataSource Used by JavaMail to create and retrieve attachments –Constructors FileDataSource(File file) FileDataSource(String filename)

Wrapper for DataSource objects so that the user does not need to manipulate the bytes for each file Constructors –DataHandler(DataSource ds) –DataHandler(Object obj, String mimeType) Public Object getContent() Returns the data as the object that represents its content type (ie runing this method on a text message returns a String)

Allows manipulation of DataHandlers –public void setDataHandler(DataHandler dh) –public DataHandler getDataHandler() Other methods abstract user away from need to directly manipulate DataHandler –public void setContent(Object object, String contentType) –public Object getContent()

Implements the Part interface (indirectly through a few abstract classes) Contains the content for a single part of an message Uses several methods to manipulate content directly or through DataHandler or streams Key Methods –public void setText(String text): for text/plain content, makes a String into the message content –public void setDataHandler(DataHandler dh) sets the content using a DataHandler (which may be text or any other permitted content) –public void setFileName(String filename) sets the filename associated with the content, if the content represents a file

Container that holds multiple parts Each part is indexed, starting with 0 A Multipart object may be a part within another Multipart object Key Methods –public void addBodyPart(BodyPart part) –public void addBodyPart(BodyPart part, int index) –public int getCount() returns the number of BodyPart objects

attachments -1 n To append an attachment, you need to send a "multipart" message n Create your MimeMessage object as usual, setting the from address, to address, subject, etc... n Create a MimeBodyPart object for your main message and set its text (or content) to be your message n Create a MimeBodyPart object for your attachment and call its setContent() method to attach your file n Create a Multipart object and add both body parts to it. n Call your MimeMessage's setContent() method, passing in your Multipart object n Call Transport.send() to send the message n Whew!!!

attachment Example-1 MimeMessage msg = new MimeMessage(getMailSession()); msg.setFrom(new msg.addRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, new msg.setSubject("RE: Oracle vs SQL Server"); //Create the main message (body) part for text MimeBodyPart mainBodyPart = new MimeBodyPart(); mainBodyPart.setText("Here is my message");

attachment Example-2 //Create attachment body part MimeBodyPart attachBodyPart = new MimeBodyPart(); DataSource source = new FileDataSource("1.jpg"); attachBodyPart.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(source)); attachBodyPart.setFileName("1.jpg"); //Now create the multipart and add the parts Multipart multipart = new MimeMultipart(); multipart.addBodyPart(mainBodyPart); multipart.addBodyPart(attachBodyPart); //add the multipart to the original Mime message msg.setContent(multipart); Transport.send(msg);