Treatment Integrity and Program Fidelity: Necessary but Not Sufficient to Sustain Programs Ronnie Detrich Randy Keyworth Jack States Wing Institute.

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Presentation transcript:

Treatment Integrity and Program Fidelity: Necessary but Not Sufficient to Sustain Programs Ronnie Detrich Randy Keyworth Jack States Wing Institute

Goals Describe the relationship between treatment integrity, program fidelity, and sustainability. Review what we know about treatment integrity and program fidelity. Review what we do not know about treatment integrity and program fidelity.

Relationship Between Integrity/Fidelity and Sustainability Programs and practices are a set of complex behaviors that are prescribed by policy and protocols. To make claims that a particular program or practice has sustained, it is necessary to know to what extent policy and protocols were followed. By default, failure to implement with integrity/fidelity means that the program or practice has not sustained.

What We Know about Treatment Integrity/Program Fidelity Most of what we know has been developed at the level of individuals implementing a specific behavior intervention or teaching plan.  The most common method for increasing and maintaining high treatment integrity is direct observation and feedback about implementation. Observation and feedback sessions are frequently completed by individuals who are external to the system. May be too intensive to be accomplished in many service settings.

What We Know about Treatment Integrity  If integrity checks are discontinued then integrity suffers. Apparently integrity checks are always necessary. Implies that it is necessary to have a system to assess the integrity of assessing integrity of implementation.

What We Do Not Know About Treatment Integrity How much integrity is enough to impact performance?  Some studies suggest that integrity can be “degraded” and still have positive impact on behavior (Northup, Fisher, Kahang, Harrel, & Kurtz,1997; Vollmer, Roane, Ringdahl, & Marcus,1999; Wilder, Atwell, & Wine, 2006). Does everyone have to be at criterion or is it sufficient that overall implementers are at criterion?

What We Do Not Know About Treatment Integrity What are relatively easy methods for increasing and maintaining integrity?  Performance feedback systems are most common but may be too resource and time intensive for many large systems. How often do we need to assess integrity to maintain adequate levels? How to incorporate routine treatment integrity checks into an organization?

What We May Know about Program Fidelity Program fidelity is used to describe when large “packages” are implemented.  Laws.  Policy.  Practices such as school-wide intervention.

What We May Know about Program Fidelity We know much less about fidelity of implementation at the large systems level.  Much of what we know is descriptive rather than experimental.  Measures are usually at large unit (school-wide).  Fidelity measures usually taken less often than with treatment integrity.

What We May Know About Program Fidelity We have many “hints” about what is important to assure fidelity.  Most is drawn from retrospective interviews with individuals from successful, sustainable programs.  Much of the quantitative data is correlational.

Two Examples Kovaleski, Gickling, Morrow, & Swank (1999).  Evaluated high vs low implementation of Instructional Support Teams (IST). School-wide organizational change. Students benefited from IST processes only when implemented with high fidelity. Implementing with low fidelity resulted in no better outcomes for students than control group not exposed to IST processes. Having structures in place was not sufficient to assure high fidelity. Fidelity assessed one time per year.

Two Examples Horner (2005).  Effect of high fidelity vs low fidelity on office discipline referrals. Schools that had high fidelity had 25% fewer office referrals for major rule violations than schools that did not meet fidelity criterion. Fidelity measures taken 2 times per year.

What We Do Not Know About Program Fidelity With broad packages such as school-wide positive behavior support what are the core components of a program that have to be in place to have effect? What is the necessary level of fidelity to effect performance? How often is it necessary to assess program fidelity?  Can we decrease the frequency of checks over time?

Conclusions Integrity/fidelity is necessary to achieve sustainable programs but not sufficient. There is much more that we do not know than we do know about both treatment integrity and program fidelity, especially as it relates to sustainable programs. Viable, sustainable programs have to adapt to changing circumstances while maintaining integrity and fidelity.

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