Whiteboard Moment! 1. Review the main causes of WWII. 2. Answer: Which cause was the most important into leading the world into WWII? Explain.

Learning Targets Students will be able to: 1. Compare and contrast the Allied and Axis Powers. 2. Describe how and why WWII began throughout the world.

Important Definitions Dictator: a ruler with total power over a country, typically one who has obtained power by force Fascism: type of gov’t where a dictator has complete power, forcibly suppressing opposition and criticism (one party with NO opposition and secret police often used to maintain power)

1. Italy leader : Benito Mussolini (dictator, fascist gov’t) goal : dominate Mediterranean

2. Germany Leader: Adolf Hitler (fascist Nazi party) Goals : establish “master race” & control Europe

3. Japan leader : Emperor Hirohito (militaristic gov’t) goal : expand empire to gain resources

1. Soviet Union leader : Joseph Stalin (communist ) goals : stop Hitler & spread communism “Uncle Joe”

2. Great Britain leader: Winston Churchill (democracy) goal : preserve democracy & freedom

3. United States leader : Franklin D. Roosevelt (democracy) goals : neutral, then stop Japan & preserve democracy

White Board Moment!!!!!!! 1. Close your noteook. 2. On your whiteboard, write down the names of the countries and leaders of both the Axis Powers and the Allied Powers.

How did you do? Axis Powers Italy—Mussolini Germany—Hitler Japan--Hirohito Allied Powers Soviet Union—Stalin Great Britain—Churchill United States--Roosevelt

1935: Italy invades Ethiopia

1935: U.S. passes Neutrality Acts Isolationism vs. Interventionist

1936: FDR’s “Cash and Carry” Plan U.S. sells war goods but does not ship them

July 1937: Japan declares war on China Japanese Soldiers in Nanking where 300,000 civilians were massacred

1938: Germany annexes Austria & takes over part of Czechoslovakia Hitler announces joining with Austria Postcard from Austrian Supporters

Sept. 1938: Munich Pact Appeasement policy: give G. what it wants for peace

Aug. 1939: Nazi-Soviet Pact  Secret agreement to divide up Poland German and Soviet Union delegates sign the agreement

Why might this be good for Germany?

Sept. 1, 1939: Germany attacks Poland Begins Blitzkrieg ( “ lightning ” warfare with air cover, paratroopers, tanks &ground forces )

Sept. 3, 1939: WWII STARTS! Britain and France declare war on Germany

Fall 1939 –Winter ’40: “Sitzkrieg” Phony War w/ France & Britain

June 1940: Fall of France Dunkirk Evacuation “ Miracle ”

33 "We shall defend our island, whatever the cost may be. We shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight on the landing-grounds, we shall fight in the fields and in the streets, we shall fight in the hills. We shall never surrender!" —Winston Churchill, June 4, 1940, following the evacuation of British and French armies from Dunkirk

Summer-Fall 1940: Battle of Britain  Germany does not invade; instead bombing (The Blitz)

St. Paul ’ s Cathedral Still Standing

RAF Spitfires that out-fought and out-flew the German Luftwaffe

“ Never in the field of human conflict was so much owed by so many to so few. ” --Winston Churchill 1940 on the pilots of the RAF during the Battle of Britain and the Blitz

White Board Time. Write down the name of the country/countries that you believe were the most to blame for WWII starting.

December 7 th, 1941: Pearl Harbor bombed by Japanese; U.S. enters war!

December 11 th, 1941: Germany declares war on U.S.! Response to Lend-Lease and U.S. attacks on U-boats