The End of the Palestine Mandate HIST 4339

Midterm Review Wednesday Bring sample IDs, essay questions

Section I: Identifications (20 points each; suggested time: 20 minutes) Complete a total of TWO IDs. You must choose one ID from List One and one from List Two. Write three to four sentences (or more, if you like) for each, identifying and giving significance. Top-notch answers will be specific and will draw on both readings and lectures whenever possible. List OneList Two A. ***********C. ********** B. ***********D. ********** Section II: Essay Question (60 points; suggested time: 50 minutes) Your essay must have a clear argument, and you must support your argument with specific examples. In order for this essay to earn an A, at least some of your examples must be drawn from the reading. Do not try to cover everything; feel free to narrow down your answer to a specific topic. I recommend that you begin by briefly outlining your essay. Choose A or B: A. ********************************* B. *********************************

Outline World War II events – Partition plans – Moyne assassination Post-war Palestine – External pressure – Arab-Jewish civil war – First Arab-Israeli war

World War II 1941: Mufti to Germany 1943: Churchill’s Cabinet Committee on Palestine proposes partition: —“The one thing that can make a judgment of Solomon possible is the swift and clean cut. What we cannot afford to do is to saw away slowly at a squealing infant in the presence of two hysterical mothers and amid the ululations of a chorus of equally hysterical relatives in the Arab and Jewish world.”

World War II Foreign Office opposition Nov 1944: Lord Moyne’s assassination

World War II Churchill outraged —“If our dreams for Zionism are to end in the smoke of an assassin's pistol, and the labours for its future produce a new set of gangsters worthy of Nazi Germany, then many like myself will have to reconsider the position we have maintained so consistently and so long in the past.” End to any serious British consideration of partition

Postwar Palestine 1945: Foreign Secretary Ernest Bevin on Britain’s difficulties in Palestine —“The lack of any clear definition of this dual obligation has been the main cause of the trouble which has been experienced in Palestine during the past 26 years.” Shifting demographic balance: Jewish population rises from 11% (1922) to 32% (1945) Increasing American sympathy for Zionists, pressure on Britain

Postwar Palestine Feb 1947: British request that UN solve Palestine problem Nov 1947: UN General Assembly approval of (yet another) partition plan Arab-Jewish civil war in Palestine

Postwar Palestine May 1948: official end of Britain’s Palestine Mandate 14 May 1948: Israeli declaration of independence First Arab-Israeli war, Palestinian exodus