Environmental Practices McGinnis Institute of Beet Sugar Technology 2014 Mr. Louis Knieper

Purpose Gain familiarity with the environmental issues that affect beet-sugar manufacture Understanding of why these rules exist Gain familiarity of how beet-sugar manufactures are complying with the rules Understand that compliance is not optional

Topics General discussion on the environment Environmental Rules Air issues for beet-sugar manufactures Water issues for beet-sugar manufactures Solid-waste issues for beet-sugar manufacturers Enforcement of the rules

What is the Environment?

What is Pollution?

Who is a Polluter?

Who Protects the Environmental?

What does Toxic Mean?

How Much Should Companies Spend on Environmental Protection?

Minn-Dak Environmental Spending From:Jeff L. Carlson, VP Operations Sent:Tuesday, March 15, :11 PM To:Steve M. Caspers, CFO Cc:David H. Roche, CEO Subject:Environmental Expenses Total Capital Projects $29.7 million Environmental Projects 5.59 million (18.8% of total capital projects) FY 2004 Environmental Expenses $2,750,000 (this includes all mud, limestone, rock and trash, air pollution control, wastewater processing, permitting and other expenses)

“But there are limits to how responsibly companies can behave when behaving responsibly raises their costs and consumers are unwilling to pay higher prices. The most important constraint on the pursuit of virtue is the market” David Vogel, Professor. Haas School of Business, University of California, Berkeley and author of The Market for Virtue: The Potential and Limits of Corporate Social Responsibility

Beet Sugar Manufacturing and the Environment

Inputs for Beet Sugar Manufacture Sugarbeets Fuel Coal Natural Gas Petroleum Coke Biofuels Air Electricity

Inputs for Beet Sugar Manufacture Limestone Processing Chemicals Sulfur or SO 2 Cleaning Chemicals Filtering Materials Maintenance Chemicals Maintenance Items (parts, metal, wood,etc.,)

Inputs for Beet Sugar Manufacture Capital Assets Buildings Land Equipment

Factory Inputs to Process 1000 Tons of Sugarbeets

Products and Byproducts Sugar Pulp (wet or dry) Molasses Separator Concentrate

Every Step of Beet Sugar Manufacturing Generates Wastes Piling and Storage Washing Diffusion Pulp Drying Juice Purification and Evaporation Crystallization Steam Production Wastewater Treatment Solid Waste Handling Sugar Packaging Sugar Shipping

Wastes from Piling and Storage of Sugarbeets dirt and rocks weeds beets and beet parts

Wastes from Beet Cleaning dirt and stones weeds beets and beet pieces wastewater

Wastes from Diffusion and Purification, Evaporation and Crystallization Wastelime Unburned rock from limekiln Combustion gasses from limekiln Noncondensable gasses Spent chemical cleaning solutions Spent softener regenerating solutions Condensate

Wastes from Pulp Handling and Drying Discarded pulp Combustion gasses Water vapor Condensed water Ash Dust from dust collectors

Waste from Steam and Power Generation Ash Combustion Gasses Pollution control wastes (water, dust, chemicals, filters)

Wastes from Wastewater Treatment Sludge (biosolids) Nutrients Noxious gasses

Other Wastes Used oil Discarded parts and equipment Construction Wastes Maintenance Wastes Trash and Garbage Discarded Beets Contaminated Storm water Contaminated Soil

1800 Tons of Environmental Discharges for Processing 1000 Tons of Sugarbeets

Beet Sugar Factory Outputs (Percent on Total Tons)

Strategies for Handling Environmental Compliance Prevention Treatment for Reuse or Release Release to the Environment Storage

Prevention (avoids the problem of pollutants) Goes hand-in hand with cost reduction Fuel efficiency Lower Wastewater Generation Can take large capital investment Steam pulp dryer Dry beet handling

Treatment for Reuse or Release ( Removes or reduces pollutants to acceptable levels) Treatment for Reuse wastewater waste lime Treatment for Release Stack Gasses wastewater Treatment systems often generate their own wastes dust (particle removal) sludge (wastewater treatment)

Release into Environment Limited Capacity to accept Pollutants Highly Regulated Carefully Monitored

Almost all Discharges Are Regulated EPA State Department of Health Tribal Environmental Council County Board City Council

Penalties for not Obeying Environmental Rules Civil and Criminal Fines Jail Disqualification Escalating

Discharging to the Environment is Costly Large Amount of Material Compliance Costs Permitting Pre-discharge costs Discharge monitoring Post-discharge costs Fines if there are problems

Temporary and Permanent Storage (Staging Areas, Landfills and Ponds) Ownership and Operations Permitting Ongoing Care Liability

Strategy for Environmental Protection must Balance many Issues Balance Costs and Benefits Should fit into larger corporate strategy Should consider outside stakeholders Should consider short- and long-term consequences

Environmental Stewardship is the Right Thing Protects Nature Good Neighbor Reduces Expenses (can make money) Prevents Trouble Part of the Job

Questions?