Why Botany is Cool. Plants are Chemical Factories ….why?

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Presentation transcript:

Why Botany is Cool

Plants are Chemical Factories ….why?

Dioscorea, yam

Erythroxylum coca

Snakeroot, Rauwolfia serpentina

Foxglove, Digitalis purpurea

Marijuana, Cannabis sativa

Important Medicinals Belladonna, Atropa belladonnaAtropine, scopalamine Rosy Periwinkle, Catharanthus roseusVincristine, vinblastine; treats cancer CinchonaQuinine, treats malaria Colchicum autumnaleColchicine, treats gout; mitotic poison EphedraEphedrine, decongestant Goldenseal, Hydrastis canadensis*Hydrastine, treats inflamed mucosa Tobacco, Nicotiana tabacumStimulant Opium Poppy, Papaver somniferumMorphine, codeine Willows, Salix sp.*Salicin, aspirin Pacific Yew, Taxus brevifoliaTaxol, treats cancer Chrysanthemum sp.Pyrethrum, treats lice; insecticide May Apple, Podophyllum peltatum*Podophllotoxin, treats venereal warts *might be found on campus

Taxol, Pacific Yew To get one kilogram requires cutting and stripping bark from ~12,000 trees Now being produced by cells in tissue culture

Even Wars… The First Opium War Between China and England Hong Kong taken over by the British

Directly or indirectly, plants provide all the food we eat.

Piper nigrum Only spice that could make decaying or heavily salted meat edible Drew many explorers, including Columbus, to discover rain forested areas.

Tea and Coffee

We Use Their Bodies Lumber Paper – An average tree produces pulp to make ~400 copies of a 40 page newspaper Wood pulp-cardboard, fiberboard, ice cream fillers, cellophane, rayon Fuel-my sole source of heat! Charcoal, fabrics, rope, baseball bats

Maple syrup (Acer saccharinum) Cinnamon, (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) Dyes Tannins Natural chewing gum (Manilkara zapota) Natural rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) 50 million Christmas trees Cork

The Lore of Trees More species of trees in Appalachians than in all of Europe A fully grown deciduous tree can transpire more than a ton of water per day $200,000 of services provided by a single tree living 50 years: – Producing oxygen-$32,000; keeps a family of 4 breathing for a year – Recycling water, regulating humidity-$37,000 – Habitat and shelter for wildlife-$31,000 – Reducing erosion-$31,000 – Pollution control-$62,500

Have You Hugged a Tree? Annually removes about 12 kg of carbon dioxide – ~equivalent to a 7000 km trip in a car For those who don’t hug… – NYC-for cutting down a public tree…$1000 fine and 90 days – NJ-for cutting down a shade tree, up to $1500 fine and replacement fee of up to $27/sq. in. ~$20,000 for an average tree.

Relationships With Wildlife

Have you thanked a plant today? Hug a tree on the way to your next class!