”Serving the pulp and paper industry for over 35 years”

Pellet Heat Generation Two mechanisms are at work: 1) As oven-dried wood/biomass reabsorbs moisture. The moisture in gas phase condenses into liquid phase generates heat. The amount of heat is related to the starting moisture content. When critical moisture is achieved through the pellet, equilibrium is achieved and the reaction which is generating the heat is stopped. That equilibrium moisture content will depend on the relative humidity (commonly between 5-15%). The total amount and rate of the release will depend on the initial moisture content and the properties of the pellets (type and radial density profile). 2) A second reaction which is independent of moisture is oxidation. In this case, the unsaturated wood extractives react in the presence of air (oxygen) and give off heat. The amount of heat will depend on the amount and type of wood extractives, which in turn are related to species and the part of the tree being used (pine vs. hardwood, heartwood vs. sapwood, wood vs. bark or needles). The rate of these reactions will increase with increasing temperature, which can lead to a rapid temperature rise. Thus, there is the potential of two distinct reactions going on in a pile of southern pine wood pellets, both of which generate heat. In both cases aerating a large pile of pellets will cool the pile and remove CO and VOC generated by both self-heating mechanisms, and thus is positive. Reference: Dr. Stephen Kelley North Carolina State University Pulp and Paper Foundation Raleigh, NC

”Serving the pulp and paper industry for over 35 years” Temperature Comparison Can not load in Ship’s Hull Without Pelletaire ™ With Pelletaire ™

”Serving the pulp and paper industry for over 35 years” Warehouse In-floor Pelletaire ™ Two Zones Roof Ventilator Assemblies Zone Two Fan Assembly Zone One Fan Assembly In Floor Diffusers

”Serving the pulp and paper industry for over 35 years” Dome In-floor Pelletaire ™ Four Zones Roof Ventilator Assemblies (Number and location will vary)

”Serving the pulp and paper industry for over 35 years” Dome In-floor Pelletaire ™ Diffuser Connections

”Serving the pulp and paper industry for over 35 years” In-floor Pelletaire ™ Zone Air Flow

”Serving the pulp and paper industry for over 35 years” Dome In-floor Pelletaire ™ Tapered Underground Air Supply

”Serving the pulp and paper industry for over 35 years” In-Floor Pelletaire ™ Diffuser Underground Air Supply Pipe Each Diffuser 24” wide x 108” Long

”Serving the pulp and paper industry for over 35 years” Pelletaire ™ Diffuser Details Perforated Plate Galvanized 24” wide x 36” Long ‘welded to bar grate’ Tapered Pelletaire ™ Housing 18” Wide x 108” Long Bar Grate Galvanized 24” Wide x 36” Long Concrete Floor Underground Air Supply Pipe

”Serving the pulp and paper industry for over 35 years” Pelletaire ™ Fan Assembly Features: Radial Curved Back plate Wheel Above 85% Fan Efficiency Premium Efficiency TEFC Motor Heave Gauge Housing continuous weld

”Serving the pulp and paper industry for over 35 years” Dust Collection Option Exhaust Hood(s) (Number and location may change) “Firefly” Spark Detection and Extinguisher “TD” Dust Collector Optional Steel Building Exhaust Fan Assembly

”Serving the pulp and paper industry for over 35 years” “TD” Dust Collection Option Dust Fan Assembly Dust Sleeves Dust Containers Firefly Spark Detection and Distinguishing location (Not Shown)

”Serving the pulp and paper industry for over 35 years”