Chapter 8 Overview Lesson 8–1 The Essentials of a Database Lesson 8–2 Types of Database Programs Lesson 8–3 Database Techniques Chapter Review and Assessment

What do the following things have in common: an address book, a telephone directory, a list of family birthdays, and a catalog of DVDs? For one thing, each can be stored in a database, or an organized collection of information

Databases can exist on paper or on a computer. Computerized databases can be huge, containing information on millions of items. A computerized database is an ideal tool for making use of huge amounts of existing data.

Databases make it easy to store, add, organize, and retrieve information. Suppose a worker has to find the account number for a customer.

Imagine how much time that worker saves if he or she can find the information simply by typing the customer’s name instead of searching through piles of paper!

How many vocabulary words do you already know? To test your knowledge of this chapter’s key terms, click the Vocabulary Preview icon. Then, print the worksheet and complete the questions.

Database an organized collection of information that may or may not be stored in a computer base de datos conjunto organizado de información que puede estar guardado o no en una computadora

Table the underlying structure of a relational database characterized by rows and columns tabla Estructura subyacente de una base de datos relacional caracterizada por filas y columnas

Record a part of a database that holds data about a particular individual or item registro parte de una base de datos que contiene datos acerca de un individuo o elemento específico

Field part of a database that holds an individual piece of data campo parte de una base de datos que contiene un dato individual

Database an organized collection of information that may or may not be stored in a computer tipo de datos parámetros que se aplican a un campo de base de datos, que permiten al campo almacenar información de un solo tipo y/o formato específico

garbage in, garbage out (GIGO) a phrase that stresses the importance of inputting accurate data in a database entra basura, sale basura frase que destaca la importanci a de introducir datos precisos en una base de datos

database management system(DBMS) a software program used to manage the storage, organization, processing, and retrieval of data in a database sistema de administración de bases de datos programa de software que sirve para administrar el almacenamient o, organización, procesamiento y recuperación de datos de una base de datos

flat-file database a database that can work with only one table at a time base de datos de archivos planos una base de datos que trabaja sólo con un archivo a la vez

Sort to arrange data in a specific order ordenar disponer datos siguiendo un orden específico

relational database a database in which shared key fields link data among tables base de datos relacional base de datos en la que los campos clave compartidos enlazan datos entre tablas

key field an element that links tables in a relational database campo clave elemento que enlaza tablas de una base de datos relacional

object-oriented database a database that stores objects, such as sound, video, text, and graphics base de datos orientada a objetos base de datos que almacena objetos, como sonido, video, texto y gráficos

information overload the result of a computer user being overwhelmed by the amount of information generated by his or her computer sobrecarga de información lo que ocurre cuando un usuario de computadora se ve abrumado por la cantidad de información que genera su computadora

Browse to find information in a database by looking at records one at a time examinar buscar información en una base de datos revisando los registros uno por uno

ascending order the sorting of data by increasing value orden ascendente clasificación de los datos en orden de valor creciente

descending order the sorting of data by decreasing value orden descendente ordenamiento de datos por valor decreciente

Report an ordered list of selected database records and fields in an easy-to-read format informe lista ordenada de una selección de registros y campos de base de datos en un formato de fácil lectura

report template a pattern that controls how data will be displayed in a database report plantilla de informe patrón que controla la forma de mostrar los datos en un informe de base de datos

1.How is a computerized database organized? By tables, records, and fields.

2.What are five advantages of a database?Enter information, Store large amounts of information, Find information quickly, Organized information in different ways, and update information.

3.What does GIGO mean? What significance does this principle have for databases? GIGO means garbage in, garbage out a phase that stresses the importance of in putting data in a database.

Table : each table contains a collection of related data.

Records : Each of these units is called a record.

Fields: Each separate piece of data that is stored in a record. Students last name first name and so on is called a field.

flat-file database : a database that can work with only one table at a time

Relational database : a database in which shared key fields link data among tables

1.Which of the following is not a part of a database? d. worksheets

2.In a database, a is a unit of information about one individual or item. C. record

3. Which of the following is not an advantage of a computerized database? C. the ability to create worksheets.

4. What does the term GIGO stand for? C. garbage in, garbage out

5. Which type of database allows you to work with data in only one table? C. flat- file database

6. This kind of database can be used to store all kinds of items, such as documents or video clips. B. object- oriented database

7. _____ the same data in multiple tables requires the computer to store more information and increases the chance of errors. B. Avoiding

8. This means finding data by looking at all the records in a database. D. browsing

9. If you sort data in order of increasing value, such as A–Z or 1–9, what sort order are you using? A. ascending

10. This is a user-created direction that tells the database to find specific records. A. sort order

11. A database is an organized collection of information. A. True

12. Databases typically store all their data in one large table. B. false

13. A computerized database can store millions of telephone numbers. A. True

14. A computerized database can store millions of telephone numbers. A. True

15. One disadvantage of computerized databases is that they limit your ability to arrange information. B. False

16. The same features that make databases efficient tools also enable them to keep data secure. B. False

17. Instead of storing the same data in multiple tables, it is more efficient to store the data in one table and link it to other tables. A. True

18. The people who create databases can avoid causing information overload by summarizing information so that it does not overwhelm the databases’ users. A. True

19. If you sort a database’s information chronologically, then you are sorting letters and symbols. B. False

20. A query lets you speed up the browsing process by finding information that matches specific criteria. A. true.

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