History 504S Professor Simon Partner Ian Zhang Artificial Promulgation of Racism in East Asia

Racism and Nationalism What is nationalism? What is racism? Do they go together?

Nationalism “a belief, creed or political ideology that involves a strong identification of a group of individuals with a nation” Jingoism: extreme patriotism in the form of aggressive foreign policy.

Racism “views, practices and actions reflecting the belief that humanity is divided into distinct biological groups called races and that members of a certain race share certain attributes which make that group as a whole less desirable, more desirable, inferior or superior” Implicit v. Explicit racism

Western Racism v. Eastern Racism Civil Rights Movement; Fascism; Nazis; WWII. Nanjing Massacre; Korean colonization; Japanese imperialism

Nation Building Edward Said: Orientalism (1978) – creation of the “other” to say what we are not. Reaffirms idealistic conceptions of self and nationhood. For example: US during the 20 th century – we are NOT Communism, fascism. The implication is that we ARE capitalism, freedom, democracy. Racism and nation building. What is racism? How does it further the creation of a nation?

Case Study China Republican era tradition of white is good, black is bad Ming dynasty poem Sino Japanese Wars Taiwan Nanjing Massacre Textbook Controversies Refusal to acknowledge war crimes

Case Study Germany Interwar period: high inflation, low morale, high unemployment Rise of fascism “the backstabbing Jew” WWII

East Asian Diaspora Racism Little Tokyo v. Chinatown Intra-Asian racism Immigrant scholars

Narratives of Racism Effectiveness of story to inculcate racist thought Propaganda in television, print, news Can you think of some examples?